I-actuator ye-pneumatic ye-brake system ilula kwaye isebenzayo ekusebenzeni, nangona kunjalo, ubude obude bemigca bunokubangela ukulibaziseka ekusebenzeni kweendlela zokuqhawula ii-axles zangasemva.Le ngxaki isonjululwa yiyunithi ekhethekileyo - i-valve ye-accelerator, isixhobo kunye nokusebenza kwayo kunikezelwe kweli nqaku.
Yintoni ivalve ye-accelerator?
Ivalve ye-accelerator (MC) licandelo lolawulo lwenkqubo ye-brake kunye ne-pneumatic drive.Indibano yevalve ehambisa ukuhamba komoya ocinezelweyo phakathi kwezinto zenkqubo ye-pneumatic ngokuhambelana neendlela zokusebenza zeebhuleki.
IKhowudi yoLwaphulo-mthetho inemisebenzi emibini:
• Ukuncitshiswa kwexesha lokuphendula kwiindlela zevili lebhuleki kwii-asi ezingasemva;
• Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweendawo zokupaka neenkqubo zokuqhobosha.
Ezi yunithi zixhotyiswe ngeelori kunye neebhasi, kaninzi le yunithi isetyenziswa kwiitreyila kunye ne-semi-trailer.
Iintlobo zeevalvu ze-accelerator
Inkampani yolawulo inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ngokuhambelana nokusebenza, indlela yolawulo kunye noqwalaselo.
Ngokusebenza kweKhowudi yoLwaphulo-mthetho, kukho iindidi ezimbini:
- Ukulawula iikhonto zokupaka (manual) kunye neziqhoboshi ezisecaleni;
- Ukulawula izinto ze-actuator ye-pneumatic ye-activators yenkqubo ye-brake ephambili ye-axles yangasemva.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iivalve ze-accelerator zibandakanyiwe kwiindawo zokupaka kunye ne-spare brake systems, ii-activators zazo zi-accumulators zamandla (EA) ezidityaniswe namagumbi okuqhawula.Iyunithi ilawula i-EA pneumatic circuit, ibonelela ngokuphuma kwegazi ngokukhawuleza komoya ngexesha lokuqhawula kunye nokunikezelwa kwayo ngokukhawuleza kwi-cylinder yomoya eyahlukileyo xa isuswe kwiibhuleki.
Iivalvu ze-accelerator zisetyenziswa kancinci kakhulu ukulawula iziqhoboshi eziphambili.Kule meko, iyunithi iqhuba ukuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza komoya ocinezelweyo ukusuka kwi-cylinder yomoya eyahlukileyo ukuya kumagumbi okuqhawula ngexesha lokuqhawula kunye nokuphuma kwegazi ngexesha lokuqhawula.
Ngokwendlela yolawulo, iKhowudi yoLwaphulo-mthetho yahlulwe yangamaqela amabini amakhulu:
• Ukulawulwa ngomoya;
• Ilawulwa ngombane.
I-accelerator elawulwa ngombane
Iivalvu ezilawulwa ngomoya zezona zilula kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu.Zilawulwa ngokuguqula uxinzelelo lomoya oluvela kwiivalve eziphambili okanye ze-brake manual.Iivalve ezilawulwa nge-elektroniki ziqukethe i-solenoid valves, ukusebenza kwayo kulawulwa yiyunithi yombane.Iinkampani zolawulo ezinjalo zisetyenziselwa izithuthi ezineenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokhuseleko ezizenzekelayo (EBS kunye nabanye).
Ngokobumbeko, iKhowudi yoLwaphulo-mthetho ikwahlulwe yangamaqela amabini:
• Ngaphandle kwamacandelo awongezelelweyo;
• Ngokunokwenzeka kokufaka i-muffler.
Kwinkampani yolawulo yodidi lwesibini, intaba inikezelwa ukufakwa kwe-muffler - isixhobo esikhethekileyo esinciphisa ubuninzi bengxolo yomoya wokuphuma kwegazi.Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwazo zombini iindidi zeevalvu kuyafana.
Uyilo kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza kweevalvu ze-accelerator
Eyona nto ilula kakhulu kuyilo kunye nokusebenza kwenkampani yolawulo yenkqubo yebrake yenkonzo.Isekelwe kwityala lesinyithi elinemibhobho emithathu, ngaphakathi apho kukho ipiston kunye ne-exhaust ehambelanayo kunye neevalve ze-bypass.Makhe sihlolisise ukuyila kunye nokusebenza kolu hlobo lwenkampani yokulawula usebenzisa umzekelo we-universal model 16.3518010.
Iyunithi ixhunyiwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: i-pin I - kumgca wokulawula we-pneumatic system (ukusuka kwi-valve ye-brake main), i-pin II - ukuya kumamkeli, i-pin III - kumgca wokuqhawula (ukuya kumagumbi).Ivalve isebenza ngokulula.Ngethuba lokuhamba kwesithuthi, uxinzelelo oluphantsi lubonwa kumgca wokulawula, ngoko i-piston 1 iphakanyisiwe, i-valve yokukhupha i-2 ivulekile kwaye umgca we-brake ngokusebenzisa i-terminal III kunye ne-channel 7 ixhunywe emoyeni, iibhuleki zinqatshelwe. .Xa i-braking, uxinzelelo kumgca wokulawula kunye negumbi "A" liyanda, i-piston 1 ihla inyuka, i-valve 2 idibana nesihlalo se-3 kwaye ityhale i-valve ye-bypass 4, eyenza ukuba ihambe kude nesihlalo. 5. Ngenxa yoko, i-pin II idibaniswe negumbi "B" kunye ne-pin III - umoya ovela kummkeli uqondiswe kumagumbi okuqhawula, imoto inqanyuliwe.Xa i-disinhibiting, uxinzelelo kumgca wolawulo lwehla kwaye iziganeko ezichazwe ngasentla zibonwa - umgca we-brake uxhunywe kwi-channel 7 nge-pin III kunye nomoya ovela kumagumbi okuqhawula ukukhutshwa emoyeni, isithuthi sinqatshelwe.
Isixhobo sevalve ye-KAMAZ ye-accelerator
Ipompo yesandla yohlobo lwe-Bellows isebenza ngokulula.Ukunyanzeliswa komzimba ngesandla kukhokelela ekunyukeni koxinzelelo - phantsi kwempembelelo yolu xinzelelo, i-valve yokukhupha ivula (kunye ne-valve yokungena ihlala ivaliwe), umoya okanye i-fuel ngaphakathi iqhutywe kumgca.Emva koko umzimba, ngenxa ye-elasticity yawo, ubuyela kwisimo sawo sokuqala (ukwandisa), uxinzelelo olukuyo luyehla kwaye lube ngaphantsi kwe-atmospheric, i-valve yokukhupha ivala, kwaye i-valve yokungena ivula.I-fuel ingena kwimpompo nge-valve yokungena evulekileyo, kwaye ngexesha elizayo xa umzimba ucinezelekile, umjikelezo uphinda.
Inkampani yolawulo, eyenzelwe "i-handbrake" kunye ne-spare brake, ihlelwe ngokufanayo, kodwa ayilawulwa yi-valve ye-brake main, kodwa i-valve ye-brake manual ("i-handbrake").Makhe siqwalasele umgaqo wokusebenza kwale yunithi kumzekelo weyunithi ehambelanayo yezithuthi ze-KAMAZ.I-terminal yayo I idibaniswe kumgca we-EA we-brakes yangasemva, i-terminal II ixhunywe emoyeni, i-terminal III ixhunywe kumamkeli, i-terminal IV idibaniswe kumgca we-valve ye-brake yesandla.Ngelixa imoto ihamba, umoya woxinzelelo oluphezulu unikezelwa kwizikhonkwane ze-III kunye ne-IV (ukusuka kwi-receiver enye, ngoko ke uxinzelelo luyafana apha), kodwa ummandla ophezulu we-piston 3 mkhulu kuneyona ephantsi, ngoko ke. ikwindawo esezantsi.I-valve yokukhupha i-1 ivaliwe, kwaye i-valve yokungena i-4 ivulekile, i-terminals I kunye ne-III zixhunyaniswa ngegumbi "A", kunye ne-atmospheric outlet II ivaliwe - umoya oxinyiweyo unikezelwa kwi-EA, imithombo yabo ixinzelelwe kwaye inkqubo ayivalwanga.
Xa isithuthi sifakwe kwi-brake yokupaka okanye xa i-spare system brake ivuliwe, uxinzelelo kwi-terminal ye-IV yehla (umoya uphuma ngevalve yesandla), i-piston 3 iphakama, i-valve yokukhupha ivula, kunye nokungena. ivalve, ngokuchaseneyo, ivala.Oku kukhokelela ekudityanisweni kwee-terminals I kunye ne-II kunye nokuhlukana kwee-terminals I kunye ne-III - umoya ovela kwi-EA uphuma emoyeni, imithombo ekuzo ayihlambulukanga kwaye ikhokelela ekunyatheleni isithuthi.Xa isusiwe kwi-handbrake, iinkqubo ziqhubeka ngokulandelelana.
Iinkampani ezilawulwa nge-elektroniki zingasebenza ngendlela efanayo njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, okanye zilawulwe yiyunithi yombane ngokuhambelana ne-algorithms ebekiwe.Kodwa ngokubanzi, basombulula iingxaki ezifanayo njengeevalve ezilawulwa nge-pneumatically.
Njengoko ubona, ivalve ye-accelerator yenza imisebenzi ye-relay - ilawula amacandelo e-pneumatic system ekude kwi-valve ye-brake engundoqo okanye i-valve ye-manual, ukukhusela ilahleko yoxinzelelo kwimigca emide.Yiyo le nto iqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza nokuthembekileyo kweebhuleki kwii-asi zangasemva zemoto.
Imiba yokukhetha kunye nokulungiswa kwevalve ye-accelerator
Ngethuba lokusebenza kwemoto, inkampani yokulawula, njengamanye amacandelo e-pneumatic system, iphantsi kwemithwalo ebalulekileyo, ngoko kufuneka ihlolwe ngamaxesha athile umonakalo, ukuvuza komoya, njl.
Xa ukutshintshwa, kuyimfuneko ukufaka iiyunithi zezo ntlobo kunye neemodeli ezicetyiswa ngumenzi wemoto.Ukuba isigqibo senziwe ukufakela i-analogues ye-valve yokuqala, ke iyunithi entsha kufuneka ihambelane neempawu zokuqala kunye nemilinganiselo yokufakela.Ngezinye iimpawu, i-valve ayinakusebenza ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ayiqinisekisi ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo ye-brake.
Ngokukhetha okufanelekileyo kwe-valve ye-accelerator kunye nokugcinwa kwexesha elifanelekileyo, inkqubo ye-brake yemoto okanye ibhasi iya kusebenza ngokuthembekileyo, inika induduzo eyimfuneko kunye nokhuseleko.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-21-2023