kuyo nayiphi na i-injini yokutsha yangaphakathi, iindlela eziphambili kunye nezincedisi ziqhutywa ukusuka kwi-crankshaft kusetyenziswa ipuli kunye nebhanti.Funda malunga nokuba yiyiphi i-pulley ye-crankshaft, zeziphi iindidi ezikhoyo, zisebenza njani kunye nokusebenza, kunye nokutshintsha kunye nokulungiswa kwepuli kwinqaku elicetywayo.
Injongo kunye nendima ye-crankshaft pulley
Nayiphi na injini yokutsha yangaphakathi iqulethe iinkqubo ezininzi ezifuna umthombo wamandla omatshini ukuze usebenze.Iinkqubo ezinjalo ziquka indlela yokuhambisa igesi, i-lubrication kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa, iinkqubo zokutshisa uqhagamshelwano kunye ne-breaker-distributor, iinkqubo zokubonelela ngamafutha kunye nabanye.Umthombo wamandla kuzo zonke ezi nkqubo yi-crankshaft - ivela kuyo ukuba inxalenye ye-torque ithathwa, esetyenziselwa ukuqhuba i-shafts, iimpompo, i-generator kunye nezinye iiyunithi.Kwangaxeshanye, iidrive ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zisetyenziswa kwi-injini: ibhanti lexesha okanye ityathanga lokuqhuba kunye neeyunithi zokuqhuba.Apha siza kuqwalasela kuphela iibhanti zokuqhuba, ezibandakanya i-crankshaft pulley.
I-crankshaft pulley yinxalenye yebhanti lexesha lokuqhuba kunye nezinye iindlela ezincedisayo zeenjini zokutsha zangaphakathi (zombini i-petroli kunye ne-diesel).I-pulley ibekwe kwinzwane (oko kukuthi, ngaphambili) ye-crankshaft, isetyenziselwa ukuqhuba i-camshaft (okanye i-shafts), kunye nenani leeyunithi - impompo yolwelo (ipompo), ijenereyitha, impompo yokulawula amandla, i-fan yokupholisa, i-compressor ye-air conditioning, i-compressor ye-pneumatic kunye nabanye.
Kwakhona, i-crankshaft pulley inokwenza imisebenzi emibini encedisayo:
- Ukulandelela isantya se-angular kunye nendawo ye-crankshaft usebenzisa inzwa efanelekileyo;
- Ukudambisa iintshukumo ezenzeka ngexesha lokuqalisa/ukuma kwe-injini kunye neemeko ezidlulayo.
Ngokubanzi, i-crankshaft pulley, nangona ilula kwaye ingabonakali, iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yayo nayiphi na injini yanamhlanje.Namhlanje, kukho uluhlu olubanzi lwala macandelo, kwaye onke asombulula iingxaki ezahlukeneyo.
Iintlobo kunye neempawu zoyilo lweepuli ze-crankshaft
Iinjini zisebenzisa iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeepuli ze-crankshaft, ezahlukileyo kuyilo kunye nenjongo:
- Iipuli zeBrook zokuhanjiswa kwe-V-belt;
- Iipuli zamazinyo zebhanti enamazinyo.
I-Brook pulleys sisisombululo seklasikhi esisetyenzisiweyo kwiinjini zokutsha zangaphakathi ukususela ekuqaleni kwazo.Umphandle wangaphandle we-pulley enjalo unomlambo omnye okanye ngaphezulu kwe-V, equka ibhanti yesimo esifanelekileyo (i-V-shaped okanye i-V-rib).Iipuli ezinjalo zisetyenziselwa kuphela ukuhanjiswa kwe-V-belt, apho kungekho mfuneko yokufakela ngokuchanekileyo i-crankshaft kunye neeyunithi ezihambelanayo.Ezo zixhobo ziquka ukuqhutywa kwempompo yamanzi, ijenereyitha, icompressor yomoya, icompressor yomoya, fan kunye nempompo yexesha.
Iipuli zamazinyo sisisombululo sale mihla esisetyenziswe kwiinjini kwiminyaka emibini ukuya kwamashumi amathathu edlulileyo.Iipuli ezinjalo zisetyenziselwa iigiya ezinamabhanti exesha, ezithatha indawo ye-timing chain drive.Iipuli zamazinyo ze-crankshaft kunye neeyunithi kunye nebhanti lexesha elidibanisayo liqinisekisa indawo ethile yeeyunithi ezihambelanayo.Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-toothed pulley isetyenziselwa ukuqhuba ixesha kunye nepompo yamanzi, kwaye ukuqhutyelwa kweeyunithi eziseleyo kuqhutyelwa kwi-V-belt transmission eyahlukileyo.
Kukho kwakhona iipuli ezidibeneyo, eziyisakhiwo se-toothed kunye ne-wedge (okanye i-V-ribbed) pulleys.Iipuli ezinjalo zisetyenziselwa ukuqhuba ixesha kunye nenani leeyunithi ezincedisayo ze-injini.Kunokubakho ezininzi (ukuya kuthi ga ezine) iipuli ze-wedge/V-ribbed kolu yilo.
Zonke ezi pulleys zahlulwe zibe zimbini iintlobo ngokoyilo:
-I-piece-piece / milled;
- Umxube umanzi.
Iipuli zodidi lokuqala zizinto eziqinileyo ezityhidiweyo okanye ezikrolwe kwintsimbi enye (intsimbi okanye intsimbi).Iipuli ezinjalo zezona zilula kwaye zinexabiso eliphantsi, kodwa zidlulisela kwiiyunithi zonke ii-vibrations ezenzeka xa i-crankshaft ijikeleza.
Iipulleys zodidi lwesibini zidibeneyo, ziquka i-hub kunye nendandatho edibeneyo ngendandatho yerubha.Ngenxa yobukho beringi yerabha, i-hub kunye nesithsaba zihlanjululwe, ngoko ke ukungcangcazela kunye neentshukumo ezenzeka ngexesha lokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft ziyancipha.Iipuli ezinjalo zinzima, ziyinkimbinkimbi kwaye zibiza kakhulu, kodwa oku kuhlawula ngokuthembeka okungcono kunye nokuqina kwebhanti yonke.
Kwakhona, iipulleys zahlulwe zibe ngamaqela amabini ngokohlobo lokuzila:
- Ukuqinisa ngebholithi ephakathi kunye nesitshixo;
- Ukuqinisa ngeebholiti ezininzi (2-6).
Kwii-injini zanamhlanje, i-crankshaft pulley, ngakumbi kwimeko ye-timing belt drive, idla ngokuxhonywa kwi-bolt enye, kwaye igcinwe ekujikeni ngesitshixo.Iipuli ezincedisayo zinokubotshwa ngeebholiti ezininzi, kwaye ufakelo lwenziwa kwi-hub, enokuba kukuqhubekeka kwe-sprocket ye-timing chain chain drive, okanye iphoswe kwizwane ye-crankshaft, okanye iyinxalenye ezimeleyo kunye nokuqina kweqhosha uzwane lweshaft.
Kwiipulleys zeenjini zanamhlanje, ngaphezu kwemilambo okanye amazinyo phantsi kwebhanti, i-ring gear ingenziwa ekusebenzeni kwe-crankshaft position sensor (DPKV).Isithsaba yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-master disc ye-crankshaft sensor, inokubunjwa kunye ne-pulley, okanye inokwenziwa njengenxalenye eyahlukileyo nge-bolting.
Nayiphi na i-crankshaft pulley iyalingana ngexesha lokwenziwa ukuphelisa ukungcangcazela kunye nokubetha.Ukususa isinyithi esingaphezulu, ukudakumba okuncinci kufakwe kwi-pulley.
Imiba yokutshintshwa kunye nokulungiswa kwepuli ye-crankshaft
I-crankshaft pulley yinxalenye ethembekileyo kwaye ehlala ixesha elide, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, inokonakala kwaye yasilela.Ukuba ukugqoka i-pulley yamazinyo kufunyenwe, kunye nakwimeko yokuqhekeka, ukuphuka, ukuchithwa kunye nolunye umonakalo, i-pulley kufuneka ichithwe kwaye ithathelwe indawo entsha.Ukuqhaqha i-pulley kunokufuneka kwakhona xa usenza umsebenzi wokulungisa kwi-injini.
Inkqubo yokutshintsha i-crankshaft pulley ixhomekeke kuhlobo lokuncamathisela kwayo.Eyona ndlela ilula kukususa i-pulley kwiibholithi - vele ukhulule iibholiti, ngelixa ulungisa i-crankshaft, ukuthintela ukujika.Ukuqhawula i-pulley enamazinyo kwi-bolt enye kunzima ngakumbi kwaye kubonakala ngathi:
1. Lungisa imoto ngokubeka iindawo zokumisa phantsi kweevili, kwimeko ye-injini yepetroli, susa isinxibelelanisi kwi-coil yokutshisa (ukuze i-starter iphenduke, kodwa injini ingaqali), kwimeko ye-injini ye-diesel, susa isinxibelelanisi kwivalve yokubonelela ngamafutha epompo yokutofa;
2.Phatha ibholithi nangayiphi na indlela eya kunceda ukukrazula i-fasteners ngaphandle kwendawo ngaphandle kokuyaphula;
3.Beka isitshixo ngesibambo eside kwi-bolt, kufuneka ifikelele emgangathweni, okanye ukongeza ukusebenzisa umbhobho;
4.Vula injini nge-starter - kule meko, ibholithi kufuneka ijike.Ukuba ayisebenzi okokuqala, ungaphinda;
5.Khulula ibholithi;
6.Usebenzisa i-pulley ekhethekileyo, qhaqha i-pulley kwinzwane ye-crankshaft.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukufikelela kwi-pulley kwiimoto ezine-injini ye-longitudinal, kungcono ukusebenzisa umgodi wokuhlola, kwaye kwiimoto ezine-injini eguquguqukayo, ivili elifanelekileyo liya kufuneka lichithwe.
Xa uqhekeza ibholithi, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo - ifakwe umgudu omkhulu, ngoko ke umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwayo uphezulu kakhulu.Kunconywa ukuba ususe i-pulley kwi-crankshaft usebenzisa i-puller ekhethekileyo, nangona ungasebenzisa i-blade elula yokukhwela, kodwa kule meko kufuneka uqaphele.Ezinye iipuli zinemingxuma ekhethekileyo enemisonto apho unokujija iibholithi kwaye ususe ipuli.Nangona kunjalo, kule meko, i-sheet sheet kufuneka ifakwe phantsi kweebholithi ezijijekileyo, kuba ibholithi inokutyhala ngodonga lwangaphambili lwebhloko yenjini okanye ezinye iindawo eziphantsi kwayo.
Ukufakwa kwe-crankshaft pulley kuqhutyelwa ngokulandelelana.Nangona kunjalo, kunokubakho ubunzima, ekubeni i-pulley ifakwe ngokuqinileyo kwinzwane ye-crankshaft, efuna umgudu omkhulu womzimba.Indawo yokumisa i-pulley ingaphathwa ngegrisi ukuze kube lula ukufakwa kwayo.
Ngokutshintshwa ngokufanelekileyo kwepuli ye-crankshaft, zonke iiyunithi ze-injini ziya kusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kwayo yonke iyunithi yamandla.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-27-2023