n ukumiswa kweelori, iibhasi kunye nezinye izixhobo, kukho izinto ezihlawulela umzuzu osebenzayo - ii-jet rods.Ukudityaniswa kweentonga kunye neebhulorho kunye nesakhelo siqhutyelwa ngoncedo lweminwe - funda ngezi nxalenye, iintlobo zazo kunye noyilo, kunye nokutshintshwa kweminwe kwinqaku.
Yintoni intonga yokusabela ngomnwe
I-pin ye-jet rod yinxalenye yokumiswa kwamaloli, iibhasi, ii-semi-trailers kunye nezinye izixhobo;inxalenye ngendlela yomnwe okanye umnwe kunye ne-rubber-metal hinge, eyona i-axis ye-hinge yokudibanisa intonga kunye nesakhelo kunye nomqadi webhuloho.
Kwiilori, iibhasi kunye ne-semi-trailers, ukumiswa okuxhomekeke kohlobo lwentwasahlobo kunye nohlobo lwe-spring-balance lusetyenziswa, oluthi, kunye noyilo olulula kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu, kunezinye iingxaki.Enye yezi zithintelo yimfuneko yokuhlawulela iitorque ezisebenzayo kunye neziqhoboshi ezenzeka xa imoto ihamba.Umzuzu osebenzayo uyenzeka xa amavili e-axle yokuqhuba ejikeleza, lo mzuzu udla ngokujija i-asi kwicala elichaseneyo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuguqulweni kwemithombo kunye nokubonakala kwemikhosi engalungelelananga kwiiyunithi ezahlukeneyo zokunqunyanyiswa.I-torque ye-braking yenza ngokufanayo, kodwa inecala elichaseneyo.Ukuhlawulela i-torque esebenzayo kunye ne-braking, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukudibanisa kwee-axles okanye i-trolley kunye nesakhelo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukukwazi ukuhambisa iindawo zokumisa kwinqwelomoya ethe nkqo, izinto ezongezelelweyo ziyangeniswa kwi-suspension - i-jet rods.
Iintambo ze-Jet zifakwe kwiiplanga ze-axle kunye nezibiyeli kwiifreyimu ngoncedo lweehenjisi ezibonelela ngokukwazi ukujikeleza iintonga ezihambelana nemiqadi kunye nesakhelo xa utshintsha indawo yeendawo zokunqunyanyiswa ngexesha lokunqoba izitenxo zendlela, xa ukuchola isantya kunye nesiqhoboshi.Isiseko seehinge yinxalenye ekhethekileyo - iminwe yeentambo zejethi.
Umnwe wentonga yokusabela wenza imisebenzi emininzi:
● Uqhagamshelo lomatshini lwentonga eneendawo zokuxhoma kunye nefreyim yesithuthi;
● Isebenza njenge-axis ye-swivel joint, xa kuthelekiswa nentonga ejikelezayo;
● Kwiintonga ezineehenjisi ze-rubber-metal - i-daming shocks kunye ne-vibrations, ukuthintela ukuhanjiswa kwazo ukusuka ekumisweni ukuya kwisakhelo kwaye kwelinye icala.
Ipini yentonga yokusabela yinto ebalulekileyo yokunqunyanyiswa, ngoko ke ukuba inxiba, ikhubaza okanye iyaphuka, kufuneka itshintshwe.Kodwa ukulungiswa kokuzithemba, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba yintoni iminwe, indlela ehlelwe ngayo, ihluke njani enye kwenye, kunye nendlela yokukhetha ngokuchanekileyo.
Iintlobo, uyilo kunye neempawu zepini yentonga yokusabela
Okokuqala, iminwe yeentonga zejethi zohlulwe zibe ngamaqela amabini amakhulu ngokwendlela yokufaka kunye nokuqinisa:
● Izikhonkwane zokuxhasa ibhola enye;
● Iminwe emibini exhasayo.
Amacandelo ohlobo lokuqala yiminwe eqhelekileyo eyenziwe ngendlela yentonga ye-conical enebhola kwelinye icala kunye nentambo kwelinye.Inxalenye ye-spherical yepini enjalo ifakwe kwintonga, kwaye intonga ingena emngxunyeni kwi-bracket yesakhelo okanye umqadi webhuloho.Ukufakwa komnwe kwintonga kuqhutyelwa phakathi kweentsimbi ezimbini zentsimbi (i-breadcrumbs) kunye neendawo zangaphakathi ze-hemispherical apho ibhola lomnwe lijikeleza ngokukhululekile.Inxalenye yentonga yepini iphuma kwintonga ngokusebenzisa isitywina seoli, umnwe ugxininiswe usebenzisa i-bolted cover, i-oiler ifakwe kwisigubungelo esifanayo ukuze igcwalise i-hinge ngegrisi.Kwezinye iintonga, inkxaso ye-conical spring ifumaneka phakathi kwepini kunye nekhava, eqinisekisa indawo echanekileyo yeengxenye.
Izikhonkwane ezinebhola enye zohlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini:
● Intsimbi esemgangathweni ("engenanto");
● Ngehinge ye-rubber-metal edibeneyo (RMS).
Uyilo lwentonga yokusabela kunye nehenjisi yayo
Uyilo lomnwe wohlobo lokuqala luchazwe ngasentla, iminwe yodidi lwesibini icwangciswe ngokufanayo, nangona kunjalo, i-hinge ye-rubber-metal ibekwe kuyo ukusuka kwicala lofakelo kwintonga, ebonelela ngokudambisa ukothuka kunye iintshukumo.I-RMS yenziwe ngendlela yendandatho eyenziwe ngerabha exineneyo okanye i-polyurethane, ejikeleza ngaphakathi komnwe kunye nokwandiswa.Ukongezelela, i-RMS inokulungiswa ngendandatho yentsimbi.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuba namhlanje iminwe ye-jet rods "ene-double resource" inikezelwa - entliziyweni yaloo macandelo kukho ipini yebhola eqhelekileyo, kwi-spherical part apho kukho i-hinge ye-rubber-metal.Emva kokuba i-rubber (okanye i-polyurethane) indandatho igqitywe, umnwe uyasuswa, iintsalela ze-RMS zisuswe kuyo, kwaye kule fomu inxalenye iphinda ifakwe kwintonga ngokusebenzisa i-liners.Umnwe wolu hlobo ubonakala ukhangayo ukuthenga, kodwa umgangatho weemveliso ezinjalo awuhlali uphakamileyo, kwaye ukutshintshwa kwabo ngexesha elifanelekileyo kuyimfuneko ukuhlola rhoqo ukumiswa kwaye ungaphuthelwa umzuzu xa i-RMS igugile, kunye nenxalenye engqukuva. womnwe awukadibanisi nentsimbi.Ukongezelela, isethi yamacandelo ongezelelweyo iyadingeka ukubuyisela umnwe, okwandisa iindleko zokulungisa.
Kwakhona, izikhonkwane ezixhasa ibhola enye zahlulwe zaba ziindidi ezimbini ngokwendlela yokulungisa i-nati ukusuka kwicala lesibiyeli sebhulorho okanye isakhelo:
● Ukulungisa ngepini yecotter;
● Ukulungisa ngomlimi.
Isikhonkwane sentonga yokusabela enehenjisi yerabha-yentsimbi
Kwimeko yokuqala, i-nati yesithsaba isetyenzisiweyo, ethi, emva kokuqiniswa, ivalwe ngepini ye-cotter egqitywe kwimbobo enqamlezileyo kwi-threaded part of the pin.Kwimeko yesibini, i-nut igxininiswe kunye nomlimi (i-spring split washer), ebekwe phantsi kwe-nut.Akukho mngxuma kumnwe kumlimi kwicala lomsonto.
Izikhonkwane ezithwala kabini ziintonga, kwindawo eyandisiweyo ephakathi apho kukho i-hinge ye-rubber-metal.Umnwe onjalo unemingxuma enqamlezileyo kumacala omabini, okanye umngxuma kwelinye icala, kunye nomjelo oyimfama kwelinye.Umnwe ufakwe kwintonga, ulungiswe ngamakhonkco okugcina kunye nezimbobo, i-O-ring ingafumaneka phakathi kwendandatho yokugcina kunye ne-RMS.Iintambo zeJet zinokuba neminwe enye okanye ezimbini ezixhasayo kanye kanye, ukuqiniswa kweminwe enjalo kwisakhelo okanye umqadi kuqhutyelwa ngokusebenzisa izibiyeli ezikhethekileyo kunye neentonga ze-counter threaded (iminwe) kunye namantongomane.
Umnwe wentonga yokusabela ixhasa i-rubber-metal hingeD
Izikhonkwane ze-jet rods zenziwe nge-high-quality and high-quality structural carbon and medium carbon steels zamabakala 45, 58 (55pp) kunye ezifanayo, kunye ne-alloy structural steels 45X kunye ezifanayo.Inxalenye ye-spherical yepini iyacinywa kunye ne-high-frequency currents ukuya kubunzulu be-4 mm, okuqinisekisa ukwanda kobunzima (ukuya kwi-56-62 HRC) kunye nokuxhatshazwa kokugqoka inxalenye.Amalungu angaphakathi eentsimbi zensimbi ezisetyenziswe ngokubambisana nezikhonkwane zebhola eziqhelekileyo nazo zicinywa kwimilinganiselo yobunzima obufanayo - oku kuqinisekisa ukuchasana okuphezulu kokugqoka i-hinge yonke.
Indlela yokukhetha kunye nokubuyisela iphini yentonga yokusabela
Iminwe yeentonga zokuphendula kunye neengxenye ezihambelana nazo zihlala ziphantsi kwemithwalo ephezulu, ehamba ngokuthe ngcembe ikhokelela ekugqokeni, kunye nokubetha okunamandla, umnwe unokukhubazeka okanye ukutshatyalaliswa.Isidingo sokutshintsha iminwe iboniswa ngokunyuka kwe-backlash kwi-joint yebhola, kunye nomonakalo obonakalayo obonakalayo.Kule meko, umnwe kufuneka utshintshwe, kwaye kucetyiswa ukuba utshintshe iindawo zokukhwelana - ukufakwa (i-crackers) yezikhonkwane eziqhelekileyo zebhola, izithombo, izitywina.
Kuphela ezo ntlobo kunye neenombolo zekhathalogu ezicetyiswa ngumvelisi wesithuthi okanye ukumiswa kufuneka kuthatyathelwe ukutshintshwa.Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, kunokwenzeka ukutshintsha i-pin yebhola eqhelekileyo kunye ne-RMS yenkxaso enye kunye nokususwa okuhambelanayo kwee-crackers kunye nezinye izinto.Isisombululo esifanelekileyo sokulungiswa ziikiti ezipheleleyo zokulungisa, ezo, ngaphezu komnwe ngokwawo, zibandakanya ama-crackers, ama-O-rings kunye namakhonkco okugcina, imithombo kunye namanye amacandelo.
Ukutshintshwa kweminwe kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuhambelana nemiyalelo yokulungisa imoto ethile, ibhasi okanye i-semi-trailer.Ngokuqhelekileyo, umsebenzi wehla ukudiliza intonga yonke, ukuyichitha, ukuyicoca, ukufaka ipini entsha kunye nokuxhoma intonga edibeneyo ekumisweni.Njengomthetho, amantongomane amabini ukuya kwezine kufuneka akhutshwe ukuze asuse intonga enye, kwaye kwimeko yebhola yebhola eqhelekileyo, i-pre-pinning inokufuneka.Iingxaki zinokuvela kwinqanaba lokuqhawula intonga, njengoko iindawo zijika zibe muncu okanye i-jam ngenxa yokukhubazeka, kwaye ukuchithwa kuya kufuna umgudu omkhulu.Kwaye kwezinye iimeko, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa iitsali ezikhethekileyo.
Intonga yokusabela iphelele ngeminwe
Intonga yokusabela enezikhonkwane ezithwele kabini
Emva kokufaka izikhonkwane ezintsha zebhola, kuyafuneka ukuba ugcwalise intonga ngegrisi nge-oiler, kunye neentlobo zokuthambisa ezicetyiswa ngumenzi kufuneka zisetyenziswe (ngokuqhelekileyo i-Litol-24, i-solidol kunye efanayo, kungcono ukukhokelwa yikhemikhali. imephu yokuthambisa imoto).Kwixesha elizayo, igrisi entsha iphinda igcwaliswe ngolondolozo lwexesha ngalinye lonyaka.
Indibano yentonga enezikhonkwane ifakwe kwi-suspension usebenzisa enye okanye enye indlela yokulungisa i-nut - i-cotter pin okanye umlimi.Ukuthengwa kwezi nxalenye, ukuba azifiki njengenxalenye yekiti yokulungisa, kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo kwangaphambili.
Ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwesikhonkwane kunye nokutshintshwa kwayo, kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo kweehenjisi zeentonga zokusabela ngenye yeziseko zokusebenza okuthembekileyo nokukhuselekileyo kokumiswa ngokupheleleyo kwelori, ibhasi, i-semi-trailer kunye nezinye izixhobo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-11-2023