Kwiinjini ezinee-valve eziphezulu kunye nezinye izixhobo zexesha, isigqubuthelo sinikezelwa, esifakwe kwintloko ye-cylinder nge-gasket.Funda malunga nokuba yintoni i-valve cover gasket, luhlobo luni kwaye lusebenza njani, kunye nokukhetha okuchanekileyo kunye nokutshintshwa, funda inqaku.
Yintoni i-gasket yesivalo sevalve?
I-valve cover gasket (i-cylinder head cover gasket) yinto yokutywina yeenjini zokutsha zangaphakathi eziphindaphindayo ezineevalvu eziphezulu zendlela yokuhambisa igesi;I-gasket ye-elastic yokutywina umthamo ogqunywe yi-cylinder head cover efakwe kwi-cylinder head.
Igasket yesigqubuthelo sentloko yesilinda yenza imisebenzi emininzi:
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwesiciko entloko;
- Ukutywina umthamo ogqunywe sisiciko ukuthintela ukuvuza kweoli;
- Ukukhuselwa kweengxenye ze-valve kunye neoli ekungcoleni (ukusuka kumdaka, uthuli, i-exhaust gases, njl.).
I-gasket yesivalo se-valve ayiyona inxalenye ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwe-injini - ngaphandle kwayo, iyunithi yamandla iya kusebenza ngokupheleleyo.Nangona kunjalo, iqinisekisa ukucoceka kwe-injini, ukhuseleko lomlilo (ukuthintela ukuvuza kweoli kunye nokufumana kwiindawo ezifudumalayo - i-exhaust manifold kunye nabanye) kunye nokulula ukugcinwa.Ukongeza, i-gasket inegalelo ekugcineni ucoceko kunye neempawu zeoyile ye-injini.Ngoko ke, ukuba ukuvuza kubonakala phantsi kwekhava, i-gasket kufuneka ithathelwe indawo, kwaye ukuze wenze ukhetho olufanelekileyo, kufuneka uqonde iintlobo, iimpawu kunye neempawu zala macandelo.
Iintlobo, uyilo kunye neempawu zeegaskets zesigqubuthelo sevalve
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni na, zonke iigaskets zesigqubuthelo sevalve zinesixhobo esifanayo ngokomgaqo.Le nxalenye ye-flat elastic ephindaphinda imilo yeplani yokubambelela kwikhava kwintloko ye-cylinder, kwaye inemingxuma yokudibanisa kunye nezinye iindawo.I-gasket ifakwe phantsi kwesigqubuthelo, kwaye ngenxa yokuqina kwayo, ivala isithuba phakathi kwesivalo kunye nentloko ye-cylinder (ukuzalisa i-micro-irregularities kunye nokuhlawulela ukuphambuka okuncinci kweendawo zabo ze-butt ukusuka kwindiza), ukuqinisekisa ukutywinwa kwayo.
Kule meko, i-gaskets ingaba noyilo olwahlukileyo:
● I-Yonke (i-non-discontinuous) - i-gasket ye-annular okanye i-gasket ye-shape complex shape (umzekelo, phantsi kwee-injini zeenjini ezine-camshafts ezimbini kwintloko ye-cylinder) ngaphandle kwekhefu, efakwe nje phantsi kwekhava;
● I-Composite - i-gasket enezikhewu kunye nokufaka ukutywinwa kwe-camshaft inlet okanye ezinye iindawo;
● Gqibezela - ukongeza kwi-gasket ephambili, ikiti ingabandakanya izitywina ezongezelelweyo ze-O-ring zemigodi yekhandlela kunye neminye imingxuma kwisivalo.
Isigqubuthelo se-valve nge-gasket kunye nendawo yabo kwiyunithi yamandla
I-gaskets yokugubungela i-valve inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezininzi ngokwezinto zokwenza kunye nokusebenza kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zentloko ye-cylinder.
Ngokwemathiriyeli yokwenziwa kweegaskets zezi:
● Irabha;
● Irabha-isivalo;
● I-Paronite;
● Ikhadibhodi.
Uhlobo lokuqala lweemveliso zenziwe ngesiseko se-rubber enganyangekiyo kunye ne-oil-resistant-resistant rubber, eguqulwayo kunye ne-additives kunye ne-vulcanization elandelayo.
Isigqubuthelo sevalve ye-rubber ye-gasket
I-gasket yerabha yenziwe ngamabakala ahlukeneyo erabha, yeyona elastiki, nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokusilela kwezinto ezenziweyo, inokutshintsha kakhulu iimpawu zayo ngexesha lokutshintsha kweqondo lobushushu (ithambe kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ibe yi-elastiki encinci kubanda. ) kwaye ngokubanzi inokuqina okuncinci.
I-rubber cork gaskets yenziwe ngesiseko se-rubber, apho i-granular cork okanye ezinye iifayili ze-porous zongezwa.Izinto ezinjalo zibonelela ngeqondo eliphezulu lokutywinwa kunye nokungcangcazela, kodwa i-gaskets eyenziwe ngayo inzima kakhulu kumgangatho wofakelo kunye nofakelo lwesigqubuthelo, bahlala befuna unyango olongezelelweyo kunye ne-sealant ye-liquid kunye nobomi obulinganiselweyo benkonzo.
Iplagi yerabha yesivalo sevalve ye-gasket
I-Paronite gaskets yenziwe nge-paronite, i-rubber-based based material enee-additives ezahlukeneyo zamaminerali, ezongezelelweyo zibunjwe kwaye zihlanjululwe.I-Paronite inokuba yi-asbestos kunye ne-asbestos-free, kodwa namhlanje abavelisi bayakuyeka ukusetyenziswa kwe-asbestos ngokuthanda izinto ezikhuselekileyo.Kwakhona, i-paronite gaskets ingaba yinto eqhelekileyo engaqiniswanga kwaye iqiniswe ngocingo lwensimbi, i-tin encinci ye-perforated, njl njl. I-paronite gaskets ye-cylinder head covers isetyenziswa kakhulu namhlanje ngenxa yokuthembeka kwayo okuphezulu, ukuchasana neempembelelo ezimbi kunye neempawu ezintle zokutywinwa.
Iipadi zekhadibhodi zenziwe ngamabakala akhethekileyo ephepha elishinyeneyo eliye lacutshungulwa ukufumana ukuxhathisa i-oyile, i-petroli, amanzi kunye nezinye iimpembelelo ezimbi.Ezi gaskets zezona zingabizi kakhulu, kodwa zezona zithembekileyo, ngoko namhlanje zisetyenziswa kwiinjini ezilula.
Ngokusetyenziswa kwe-gasket yesigqubuthelo sevalve, inokwahlulwa ibe ngamaqela amabini:
● Kwiintloko ze-cylinder jikelele - kwi-line kunye ne-V-shaped injini ezinentloko eqhelekileyo kunye nekhava kuwo wonke okanye umqolo omnye weesilinda;
● Kwiintloko zeesilinda ezahlukeneyo - kwiinjini ezineentloko ezizimeleyo kunye nezigqubuthelo zecylinder nganye.
Ngokwesakhiwo, i-gaskets yeentloko eziqhelekileyo kunye neentloko ezihlukeneyo azifani, zinobukhulu obuhlukeneyo kuphela kwiikhava ezihambelanayo.
I-cylinder head cover gaskets yenziwe ngokwemigangatho yee-automakers, kwaye inokuthobela imigangatho yasekhaya GOST 481-80, GOST 15180-86 kunye nabanye.
Imiba yokukhetha kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-gasket yesivalo sevalve
I-gasket yesigqubuthelo sevalve yinxalenye ebalulekileyo, kodwa ihlala ixesha elifutshane kwaye ihlala ifuna ukutshintshwa.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukutshintshwa kwe-gasket kwenziwa kwezi meko zilandelayo:
● Ukubonakala kokuvuza kwe-oyile phantsi kwesivalo (oku kubonisa umonakalo okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-gasket ngenxa yeempembelelo zoomatshini kunye neekhemikhali, okanye ngenxa yeenkqubo zendalo zokuguga);
● Ngokulungiswa ngakunye kwendlela yokuhambisa igesi;
● Kwimeko yokulungiswa ngokutsha kweyunithi yamandla okanye ukutshintshwa kwamalungu ayo ngamanye okanye iiassemblies - intloko yesilinda, izigqubuthelo zevalvu kunye nezinye;
● Ngokulungiswa kwesiqhelo, ukuba kubonelelwe ngumenzi wenjini.
Ukutshintshwa, kufuneka ukhethe i-gasket eyenzelwe olu hlobo oluthile kunye nemodeli yeyunithi yamandla, kuba iinxalenye zezinye iinjini aziyi kufaneleka ngobukhulu kunye noqwalaselo.Nangona kunjalo, kukho iinketho zokukhetha izinto eziphathekayo zokwenza i-gasket.Kwiimoto ezintsha phantsi kwewaranti, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-gasket eyenziwe ngezinto ezichazwe ngumenzi, kulo mzekelo, ukutshintshwa kwenxalenye kufuneka kuthembeke kuphela kwiingcali.
Kwezinye iimoto, unokukhetha i-gasket eyenziwe ngerabha, i-paronite okanye i-rubber stopper - ngokomgaqo, ii-gaskets zanamhlanje zisemgangathweni ngokweempawu, ngoko ke zonke zineempawu ezifanayo.Enyanisweni, apha kufuneka ukhumbule malunga neempawu zamandla kunye nokulula ukufakwa kweegaskets ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo.Ngokomzekelo, i-paronite gaskets yeyona nto inzima kakhulu, ngoko ke yizona zilula ukuzifaka, kwaye iimveliso ze-rubber cork, ngokuchaseneyo, zikhubazeka ngokulula kwaye zikrazukile, ngoko ke ukufakela kwazo kunzima kakhulu kwaye kufuna ukunakekelwa okukhethekileyo.
Ukutshintshwa kwe-cylinder head cover gasket kufuneka kuqhutywe ngokuhambelana nemiyalelo yokulungisa isithuthi.Ngokuqhelekileyo, lo msebenzi uphantsi kokulandelayo:
1.Dismantle izixhobo ezithintela ukufikelela kwi-valve cover - susa isihluzo, susa imibhobho eyahlukeneyo;
2.Susa isigqubuthelo, susa i-gasket endala, uhlambulule iindawo zokuzalisa isigqubuthelo kunye nentloko ye-cylinder;
3.Fakela igasket entsha;
4.Faka isigqubuthelo, qinisa iibholithi ngendlela echanekileyo - unqamle ukusuka kwiziko ukuya kwimida.
Ufakelo lwezinye iintlobo zeegaskets, kunokuba yimfuneko ukuhlambulula umphezulu wentloko yesilinda kunye nesigqubuthelo, kwaye emva kofakelo, ngenisa i-sealant kwezinye iindawo (okanye uphathe i-joint of parts with it) - oku kuboniswe ngokukodwa imiyalelo.Ngokukhetha okufanelekileyo kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-gasket, xa ifakwe ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ekuqiniseni iibholithi kwaye ngaphandle kwezinye iimpazamo, umthamo ophantsi kwesigqubuthelo uya kutywinwa ngokuthembekileyo, ngoko injini iya kuhlala icocekile, kwaye indlela yevalve iya kuba. ukhuselwe kwiimpembelelo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezimbi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-26-2023