Yonke imoto yale mihla, ibhasi kunye netrektara inesixhobo sokufudumeza nesokungenisa umoya.Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kule nkqubo yimoto ye-heater.Yonke into malunga neenjini zokufudumeza, iintlobo zazo kunye neempawu zoyilo, kunye nokukhetha okuchanekileyo, ukulungiswa kunye nokutshintshwa kweenjini kuchazwe kwinqaku.
Injongo kunye nendima yemoto yesifudumezi
I-motor ye-heater yangaphakathi (i-stove motor) yinxalenye yenkqubo yokungenisa umoya, ukufudumeza kunye ne-air conditioning yecandelo labahambi bezithuthi;Imoto yombane ye-DC ngaphandle kwe-impeller okanye idityaniswe ne-impeller ejikeleza umoya obandayo kunye nokufudumala ngenkqubo kunye ne-cabin.
Kwiimoto kunye namaloli, iibhasi, iitrektara kunye nezinye izixhobo, i-microclimate kwi-cabin okanye i-cabin igcinwa yi-air heat and ventilation system.Isiseko sale nkqubo yiyunithi yokufudumala, equkethe i-radiator, inkqubo yeevalve kunye ne-valve, kunye ne-fan yombane.Inkqubo isebenza ngokulula: iradiyetha eqhagamshelwe kwinkqubo yokupholisa injini iyatshisa, obu bushushu bususwa kukuhamba komoya odlulayo, owenziwe yifeni yombane, emva koko umoya oshushu ungena kwimibhobho yomoya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zekhabhinethi kwaye iwindshield.Kuzo zonke izithuthi, i-fan iqhutywa yi-motor ye-DC eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi-imoto yokufudumala.
Indibano ye-heater motor ene-impeller inemisebenzi emininzi esisiseko:
● Kwimozulu ebanda - ukubunjwa kokuhamba komoya odlula kwi-radiator yesitofu, ukufudumala kwaye ungene kwi-cabin;
● Xa isifudumezi sivulwa kwindlela yokungenisa umoya, ukwakheka kokuhamba komoya ongena kwindawo yabahambi ngaphandle kokufudumeza;
● Kwiinkqubo ezine-air conditioners - ukubunjwa kwe-air flow edlula kwi-evaporator, ipholile kwaye ingene kwi-cabin;
● Ukutshintsha isantya sefeni xa ulawula ukusebenza kwesifudumezi kunye nesipholile-moya.
I-motor heater ibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kokufudumeza kweemoto, i-ventilation kunye ne-air conditioning systems, ngoko ke xa kukho nayiphi na into engasebenzi kakuhle, kufuneka iguqulwe okanye ilungiswe.Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uye evenkileni injini entsha, kufuneka uqonde iintlobo ezikhoyo zezi yunithi, uyilo lwabo kunye neempawu zomsebenzi.
Iintlobo, uyilo kunye neempawu zeenjini zokufudumala
Okokuqala, kufuneka kuphawulwe ukuba igama elithi "imoto heater" lithetha iintlobo ezimbini izixhobo:
● Injini yombane esetyenziswa kwiifeni zombane zezitovu zemoto;
● Ifeni yombane epheleleyo yindibano yemoto yombane ene-impeller, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inendlu.
Kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo, iimoto zombane ze-DC zisetyenziselwa umbane wokubonelela nge-12 kunye ne-24 V kunye nesantya se-shaft esiphakathi kwe-2000 ukuya kwi-3000 rpm.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeenjini zombane:
● Umqokeleli wemveli onovuselelo oluvela kwimagnethi esisigxina;
● Iibrashi zale mihla.
Iimoto ezixutyiweyo zezona zixhaphake kakhulu, kodwa kwiimoto zanamhlanje unokufumana ii-motorless brushless, ezinobungakanani obuncinci kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ii-motor brushless zahlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezimbini - eneneni i-brushless kunye ne-valve, ziyahluka kuyilo lwe-windings kunye neendlela zokudibanisa.Ukwanda kwezi motors zombane kuthintelwa ubunzima boxhulumaniso lwazo - zifuna inkqubo yokulawula i-elektroniki esekelwe kukutshintsha kwamandla kunye namanye amacandelo.
Ngoyilo, iinjini zombane zintlobo ezimbini:
● Umzimba;
● Ayinasiphako.
Iimoto eziqhelekileyo zifakwe kwityala letsimbi, zikhuselwe ngokuthembekileyo kumdaka kunye nomonakalo, kodwa ityala elivaliweyo lenza kube nzima ukupholisa.Iinjini ezivulekileyo ezingenasiphelo aziqhelekanga, kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa ngokubambisana ne-impellers, ezo yunithi zilula kwaye zikhuselwe ekushiseni ngexesha lokusebenza.Kwizindlu zeemoto kukho izinto zokuxhoma kwimeko ye-fan okanye isitofu - izikrufu, izibiyeli, ii-crackers kunye nabanye.Ukudibanisa i-motor heater kwisistim sombane, izixhumi zombane eziqhelekileyo zisetyenzisiweyo, ezinokudibaniswa kumzimba wemveliso okanye zibekwe kwi-wiring harness.
Imoto ye-heater ye-Centrifugal ene-impellers ezimbini
Ngokwendawo ye-shaft, ii-motor zombane zohlulwe zibe ngamaqela amabini:
● I-shaft enecala elinye;
● I-shaft enamacala amabini.
Kwiimoto zodidi lokuqala, i-shaft iphuma emzimbeni kuphela ukusuka kwelinye icala, kwiimoto zodidi lwesibini - ukusuka kwiziphelo zombini.Kwimeko yokuqala, enye kuphela i-impeller ifakwe kwelinye icala, okwesibini, i-impellers ezimbini ezikumacala omabini ombane zisetyenziswa kanye.
Iimotor ezihlanganiswe nge-impeller zenza iyunithi enye epheleleyo - umbane wombane.Kukho iindidi ezimbini zabalandeli:
● Axial;
● Umbindi.
Abalandeli be-Axial ngabalandeli abaqhelekileyo abanelungiselelo le-radial yee-blades, benza ukuhamba komoya okujoliswe kwi-axis yabo.Abalandeli abanjalo phantse abazange basetyenziswe namhlanje, kodwa bahlala befumaneka kwiimoto zokuqala (VAZ "Classic" kunye nabanye).
I-Axial yohlobo lwe-heater ene-fan
Injini yokufudumala ye-Centrifugal ene-impeller
Iifeni ze-Centrifugal zenziwe ngendlela yevili kunye nokulungelelaniswa okuthe tye kwenani elikhulu lamaqabunga, zenza ukuhamba komoya ojoliswe kwi-axis ukuya kwi-periphery, umoya uhamba ngolu hlobo ngenxa yemikhosi ye-centrifugal evela ekujikelezeni i-impeller.Iifeni zolu hlobo zisetyenziswa kwiimoto ezininzi zanamhlanje, iibhasi, iitrektara kunye nezinye izixhobo, oku kungenxa yokuqina kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu.
Isixhobo se-axial type heater cabin heater
Isixhobo se-centrifugal yohlobo lwe-cabin heater
Kukho iindidi ezimbini ze-centrifugal fan impellers:
● Umqolo omnye;
● Imiqolo emibini.
Kwii-impellers zomqolo omnye, ii-blades zihlelwe kumqolo omnye, onke amaqabunga anoyilo olufanayo kunye nejometri.Kwii-impellers zemiqolo emibini, imiqolo emibini yamagqabi inikezelwa, kwaye iintambo zibekwe kwimigqa kunye nokutshintsha (kwiphethini ye-checkerboard).Olu luyilo lunobungqongqo obuphezulu kunomqolo owodwa wobubanzi obufanayo, kwaye kwakhona iqinisekisa ukufana koxinzelelo lomoya owenziwe yi-impeller.Ngokuqhelekileyo, umqolo omnye wamagqabi, obekwe kwicala lemoto yombane, unobubanzi obuncinci - oku kwandisa amandla kunye nokuqina kwesakhiwo kwiindawo zoxinzelelo olukhulu, kwaye kwangaxeshanye kunika ukupholisa okungcono kwe-injini.
Kwiifeni ze-centrifugal, i-motor kunye ne-impeller ingaba neendawo ezahlukeneyo ezihambelanayo:
● I-motor yahlulwe kwi-impeller;
● I-motor ibekwe ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi kwe-impeller.
Kwimeko yokuqala, i-impeller ibekwe nje kwi-motor shaft, ngelixa i-injini ingavuthelwanga ngumoya ovela kwi-impeller.Olu luyilo olulula, oluhlala lusetyenziswa kwiilori zasekhaya.
Kwimeko yesibini, indlu yemoto ingena ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi kwe-impeller, enciphisa imilinganiselo yonke yeyunithi, kwaye ibonelela ngokuchithwa kobushushu obungcono ukusuka kwimoto yombane.Ngaphakathi kwe-impeller, i-cone egudileyo okanye ene-perforated ingenziwa, ngenxa yokuba umoya ongena kwi-fan uhlukaniswe ube yimijelo eyahlukileyo kwaye uqondiswe kwiiblades.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezo zakhiwo zenziwe ngendlela yeyunithi enye, etshintshwa kuphela kwindibano.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiindidi zabo kunye noyilo, iinjini zesitovu semoto zinikezelwa kwiimarike ngaphandle kwe-impellers okanye zihlanganiswe kunye ne-impellers, kunye neefeni ze-centrifugal nazo zingathengiswa zidibene kunye nezindlu ("iinkumba"), eziququzelela kakhulu ukufakwa kwazo.
Indlela yokukhetha kunye nokutshintsha injini ye-heater
Iinjini zokufudumeza ziphawulwa ziindidi ezahlukeneyo zokungasebenzi kakuhle: ukulahleka konxibelelwano lombane kumalungu kunye neengcingo, ukunxiba iibhrashi kwiimotor ezijikelezayo, iisekethe ezimfutshane kunye nama-windings avulekileyo, ukufohla kunye nokulahleka kwesantya ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kweebheringi okanye ukonakala, ukonakala okanye ukonakala kwesixhobo. impeller.Ngokungasebenzi kakuhle, isitofu siyaqhubeka nokusebenza, kodwa ngokusebenza okuncinci, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha siyayeka ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kukhatshwa ingxolo ephuma kwi-heater, kwaye kwiimoto zanamhlanje ezinenkqubo yokuzixilonga, umyalezo ohambelanayo uvela kwimeko yokungasebenzi kakuhle.Kwimeko nayiphi na into, kuyimfuneko ukwenza ukuxilongwa, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, buyisela i-motor heater.
Indibano ye-heater motor ene-impeller kunye nomzimba (inkumba)
Ukutshintsha, kufuneka uthathe iyunithi ebikwimoto ngaphambili, okanye ikuluhlu olucetyiswa ngumenzi wemoto.Xa uthenga iinxalenye, kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo ukuba kaninzi azithengiswa ngokwahlukeneyo.Ngokomzekelo, iimoto ezininzi zixhotyiswe kuphela iyunithi epheleleyo enenjini kunye ne-impeller, kwaye ukuba i-impeller iyaphuka, akunakwenzeka ukuyibuyisela yedwa.Akukhuthazwa ukusebenzisa iinxalenye okanye iindibano ezipheleleyo zezinye iindidi, njengoko zinokuthi zingangeni kwindawo kwaye aziyi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza komgangatho ophezulu wesitofu.
Iindawo ezineziphene kufuneka zitshintshwe kuphela ngokungqinelana nemiyalelo yokulungisa le moto.Ngokuqhelekileyo, umsebenzi wokulungisa ufuna ukuchithwa okubalulekileyo kwedeshibhodi kunye nekhonsoli, apho kungcono ukuphathisa ukulungiswa kwiingcali.Ngokukhetha okufanelekileyo kunye nokutshintshwa kwemoto, i-heater iya kusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, idala i-microclimate ekhululekile kwi-cabin nangaliphi na ixesha lonyaka.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-12-2023