Uninzi lweemoto zanamhlanje kunye nezinye izithuthi ezinamavili zixhotyiswe ngenkqubo yokulawula amandla, apho kuhlala kukho isitya sokugcina ulwelo - itanki ye-oyile yokulawula amandla.Funda konke malunga nala macandelo, iintlobo zazo, ukuyila kunye neempawu, kunye nokukhetha kunye nokutshintshwa kwamatanki kwinqaku.
Injongo kunye nemisebenzi yetanki yokulawula amandla
Itanki ye-oyile yokulawula amandla (itanki yokulawula amandla) sisitya sokugcina ulwelo olusebenzayo lolawulo lwamandla ezithuthi ezinamavili.
Iimoto zale mihla kunye neelori, iitrektara kunye nezinye izixhobo ubukhulu becala zixhotyiswe ngamandla okuqhuba okwenziwa ngehydraulic.Kwimeko elula kakhulu, le nkqubo iqulethe ipompo edityaniswe kumavili aqhutywe kwindlela yokulawula kunye ne-distributor elawulwa yi-rudder.Inkqubo yonke idityaniswe kwisekethe enye, apho ulwelo olukhethekileyo lokusebenza (oyile) lujikeleza.Ukugcina ioli, enye into ebalulekileyo ifakwe kwi-power steering - itanki yeoli.
Itanki yeoyile yokulawula amandla isombulula iingxaki ezininzi:
● Yisitya sokugcina umthamo weoli eyaneleyo ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo;
● Ukubuyekeza ukucuthwa komthamo we-oyile ngenxa yokuvuza;
● Ukubuyekeza ukwanda kwe-thermal yolwelo olusebenzayo;
● Itanki yesihluzi - icoca i-oyile kwizinto ezingcolileyo;
● Ikhupha uxinzelelo xa ikhula ngokugqithisileyo (kunye nomthamo owongeziweyo wolwelo, ukuvala into yokucoca, umoya ongena kwinkqubo);
● Itanki yesinyithi - isebenza njengeradiyetha yokupholisa ulwelo;
● Ukubonelela ngemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yenkonzo - ukuzaliswa kokunikezelwa kwamanzi okusebenza kunye nokulawula umgangatho walo.
Itanki yokulawula amandla yinxalenye apho ukusebenza kwayo yonke inkqubo kuya kuba yinto engenakwenzeka.Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho ukungasebenzi kakuhle, le nxalenye kufuneka ilungiswe okanye itshintshwe.Kwaye ukwenza ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka uqonde iintlobo ezikhoyo zeetanki kunye neempawu zazo zokuyila.
Iskimu esiqhelekileyo sokulawula amandla kunye nendawo yetanki kuyo
Ukuhlelwa kweetanki zeoyile yokulawula amandla
Iitanki zokulawula amandla zihlelwa ngokoyilo kunye nezinto zokwenziwa, ubukho bento yokucoca kunye nendawo yokufakela.
Ngoyilo, kukho iindidi ezimbini zamatanki:
● Enokulahlwa;
● Iyagotywa.
Amatanki angenakuhlukaniswa ngokuqhelekileyo ayenziwe ngeplastiki, ayenzi nkonzo kwaye anesibonelelo esilinganiselweyo, ekuphuhlisweni kwayo kufuneka atshintshwe kwindibano.Amatanki adibeneyo ahlala enziwe ngetsimbi, ahlala esebenza rhoqo ngexesha lokusebenza kwaye anokulungiswa, ukuze asebenze kwimoto iminyaka.
Ngokobukho besihluzi, iitanki zohlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini:
● Ngaphandle kwesihluzo;
● Ngecebo lokucoca.
Uyilo lwetanki yokulawula amandla enecebo lokucoca eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi
Iitanki ngaphandle kwesihluzi sisisombululo esilula, esingafane sisetyenziswe namhlanje.Ukungabikho kwesihluzi esakhelwe ngaphakathi kunciphisa kakhulu ubomi benkonzo yolwelo olusebenzayo kwaye lufuna ukufakelwa kwesihluzo esahlukileyo, kwaye zonke iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo zinzima inkqubo kwaye zinyuse iindleko zayo.Ngelo xesha, la matanki, njengomthetho, ane-coarse filter eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi - i-mesh ecaleni kwentamo yokuzalisa, ekhusela ukungcola okukhulu ekungeneni kwinkqubo.
Iitanki ezinezihluzo ezakhelweyo zisisisombululo sangoku kwaye sixhaphakile namhlanje.Ubukho besici sokucoca kuqinisekisa ukukhutshwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kuzo zonke izinto ezingcolileyo (iingqungquthela zokugqoka iindawo zokuxubha, ukubola, uthuli, njl.) Kumanzi asebenzayo, kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukwandiswa kobomi benkonzo yayo.Izihluzi zinokuba ziindidi ezimbini:
● Izihluzi ezibuyiselwayo (ezilahlwayo) ezenziwe ngephepha nezingalukwanga;
● Izihluzi ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe.
Izihluzi ezibuyiselwayo zizihluzi zeringi eziqhelekileyo ezenziwe ngephepha lokucoca elicekethekileyo okanye ii-nonwovens.Izinto ezinjalo zisetyenziselwa zombini iitanki eziqhekezayo kunye nezingagungqiyo.Izihluzi eziphinda zisetyenziswe zisetting, zibandakanya inani leentsimbi zentsimbi kunye ne-mesh encinci ehlanganiswe kwiphakheji.Kwimeko yokungcola, into enjalo iyachithwa, ihlanjwe kwaye ifakwe endaweni.Izihluzi ezibuyiselwayo kulula ukuzigcina kunezihluzo eziphinda zisebenziseke, ke namhlanje zisetyenziswa kakhulu.
Kwindawo yofakelo, kukho iindidi ezimbini zamatanki okuqhuba amandla:
● Umntu ngamnye;
● Idityaniswe nempompo.
Amatanki ahlukeneyo ayenziwa ngendlela yeebhloko ezizimeleyo, ezidityaniswe yimibhobho emibini kumpompo wokuqhuba amandla kunye nesixhobo sokulawula.Amatanki anjalo anokufakwa kuyo nayiphi na indawo efanelekileyo, kodwa ifuna imibhobho okanye i-hoses, ethi idibanise inkqubo kwaye inciphise ukuthembeka kwayo.Amatanki adityaniswe nempompo asetyenziswa rhoqo kwiilori kunye neetrektara, zifakwe ngokuthe ngqo kumpompo, ngaphandle kokufuna ukudibanisa okongeziweyo.Amatanki anjalo anikezela ukuthembeka okwandisiweyo kwenkqubo, kodwa ukubekwa kwabo akusoloko kulungele ukulungiswa.
Isihluzi setanki yokulawula yamandla enokuTshintshwa Ulawulo lwamandla
impompo enetanki yeoli edibeneyo
Uyilo kunye neempawu zamatanki okuqhuba amandla angenakwahlulwa
Iitanki ezingenakuhlukaniswa zenziwe ngeehafu ezimbini zeplastiki ezibunjiweyo ezithengiswa kwisakhiwo esinye esitywiniweyo se-cylindrical, prismatic okanye enye imilo.Kwindawo ephezulu yetanki kukho i-screw okanye i-bayonet filler neck apho iplagi ifakwe khona.Umnatha wokucoca udla ngokufakwa phantsi kwentamo.Kwinxalenye engezantsi yetanki, izixhobo ezimbini zifakwe - ukukhupha (ukuya kumpompo) kunye nokungena (ukusuka kwindlela yokulawula okanye i-rack), exhunywe kwiindlela zenkqubo usebenzisa i-hoses.Into yokucoca ifakwe phantsi kwetanki, inokucinezelwa ngokusebenzisa ipleyiti kwi-screw okanye i-latches.Isihluzi sifakwe ukuze sifumane i-oyile esetyenzisiweyo ukusuka kwindlela yokulawula, apho icocwa khona emva koko inikezelwe kwimpompo.
Isiciko setanki sineevalvu ezakhelwe ngaphakathi - i-inlet (umoya) yokubonelela umoya wangaphandle, kunye neevalvu zokukhupha umoya wokukhupha uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kunye nokususa ulwelo olusebenzayo olugqithisileyo.Kwezinye iimeko, kukho i-dipstick phantsi kwesivalo kunye namanqaku owona mgangatho ophezulu kunye nenqanaba le-oyile.Kwiitanki ezenziwe ngeplastiki ebonakalayo, amanqaku anjalo ahlala esetyenziswa eludongeni olusecaleni.
Iziqhoboshi zentsimbi okanye izibiyeli zeplastiki eziphoswe eludongeni zisetyenziselwa ukunyusa itanki.Ukulungisa i-hoses kwi-fittings kuqhutyelwa ngeentsimbi zetsimbi.
Uyilo kunye neempawu zeetanki zokuqhuba zamandla eziqengqelekayo
Amatanki aqengqelekayo aquka iinxalenye ezimbini - umzimba kunye nesigqubuthelo esiphezulu.Isigqubuthelo sifakwe kumzimba ngokutywinwa kwerubha, ukulungiswa kwayo kuqhutyelwa ngoncedo lwe-stud egqithiswe ukusuka ngaphantsi kunye ne-nut screwed kuyo (eqhelekileyo okanye "imvana").Intamo yokuzalisa yenziwe kwi-lid, ngamanye amaxesha intamo eyahlukileyo inikezelwa ukufakwa kwevalve yokhuseleko.Intamo yokuzalisa ivaliwe nge-stopper efana nale ichazwe ngasentla.
Kwiitanki ezihlukeneyo, into yokucoca ibekwe phantsi, kwaye i-strainer ifumaneka phantsi kwentamo yokuzalisa.Njengomthetho, i-filter element icinezelwe ukuya ngasezantsi ngendlela yokuphumla kwentwasahlobo kwi-strainer okanye ngokuthe ngqo kwi-cap filler.Olu luyilo luyi-valve yokhuseleko oluqinisekisa ukuhamba kweoli ngokuthe ngqo kwimpompo xa isihluzo singcolile kakhulu (xa isihlunu singcolile, uxinzelelo lwe-fluid luphakama, ngexesha elithile olu xinzelelo ludlula amandla entwasahlobo, i-filter iphakama kunye neoli. impompoza ngokukhululekileyo kwi-exhaust fitting).
Kwiitanki ezidityanisiweyo kwimpompo, i-manifold eyongezelelweyo inikezelwa - inxalenye enkulu kunye nemijelo ebekwe kwindawo engezantsi kwaye yenzelwe ukubonelela ngeoli kwimpompo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwiitanki ezinjalo, isihluzo sifumaneka kwi-stud elungisa ikhava ephezulu.
Indlela yokukhetha, ukulungisa okanye ukutshintsha itanki yokulawula amandla
I-tank yokulawula amandla inokwethenjelwa kakhulu kwaye iqinile, kodwa kufuneka ihlolwe rhoqo (ngokugcinwa kwenkqubo yonke), kwaye ukuba kufunyenwe ukungasebenzi kakuhle, kunokulungiswa okanye kufakwe indawo kwindibano.Ngamaxesha athile, kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha amatanki angenakuhlukaniswa kunye nokutshintsha / ukugungxula izinto zokucoca kwizakhiwo ezidilikayo - ukuphindaphindwa kokugcinwa kuboniswa kwimiyalelo, ngokuqhelekileyo ikhefu lenkonzo lifikelela kuma-40-60 amawaka eekhilomitha, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesithuthi.
Iimpawu ezicacileyo zokungasebenzi kakuhle kwetanki ziquka ukuvuza kweoli (ukunciphisa izinga layo kunye nokubonakala kweempawu ze-puddles phantsi kwemoto xa imisiwe), ukubonakala kwengxolo kunye nokuwohloka kwe-steering.Xa ezi zibonakaliso zivela, kufuneka uhlolisise itanki kunye ne-steering yonke yamandla, kufuneka ubeke ingqalelo kumzimba wetanki kunye nezixhobo zayo zokuqhekeka.Kwaye kwiitanki ezifakwe kwimpompo, kufuneka uhlolisise isitywina, oko, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, kunokuvuza.Ngamanye amaxesha kuvela iingxaki ngeeplagi zokuzalisa.Ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpazamo ezifunyenweyo, itanki yokulawula amandla kufuneka ilungiswe okanye ithathelwe indawo kwindibano.
Ukutshintshwa, kufuneka uthathe iitanki ezicetyiswayo ukufakwa kwimoto.Kwezinye iimeko, kunokwenzeka ukufaka ezinye iindawo, kodwa ngokutshintshwa okunjalo, ukusebenza kwenkqubo yonke kunokuwohloka ngenxa yendlela eyahlukileyo yokucoca itanki.Ukutshintshwa kwetanki kuqhutyelwa ngokuhambelana nemiyalelo yokulungiswa nokugcinwa kwesithuthi.Le misebenzi ilandelwa ngokukhupha umbane osebenzayo kunye nokugungxula inkqubo, kwaye emva kokulungiswa, kuyimfuneko ukuzalisa ioli entsha kunye nokuphuma kwegazi inkqubo yokususa iiplagi zomoya.
Ngokhetho oluchanekileyo lwetanki kunye nokutshintshwa kwayo okufanelekileyo, ukulawulwa kwamandla onke kuya kusebenza ngokufanelekileyo nangokuthembeka, ukubonelela ngokuqhuba ngokukhululekile.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-11-2023