Kwisithuthi esineebhuleki zomoya, indawo yokupaka kunye ne-spare (okanye i-axiliary) yokulawula i-brake inikezelwa - i-crane ye-pneumatic manual.Funda konke malunga neevalve zokuqhawula zokupaka, iintlobo zazo, ukuyila kunye nemigaqo yokusebenza, kunye nokukhetha okuchanekileyo kunye nokutshintshwa kwezi zixhobo kwinqaku.
Yintoni ivalve yeziqhoboshi zokupaka?
I-valve yokupaka i-valve (i-valve ye-brake yesandla) - into yokulawula inkqubo ye-brake kunye ne-pneumatic drive;i-crane yesandla eyenzelwe ukulawula izixhobo zokukhulula isithuthi (i-accumulators zamandla entwasahlobo) eziyinxalenye yokupaka kunye ne-spare okanye i-axiliary braking systems.
Ukupaka kunye ne-spare (kwaye kwezinye iimeko ezincedisayo) iibhuleki zezithuthi ezine-pneumatic braking systems zakhiwe ngesiseko se-spring energy accumulators (EA).I-EAs idala amandla ayimfuneko ukucinezela i-brake pads ngokuchasene ne-drum ngenxa yentwasahlobo, kwaye i-disinhibition yenziwa ngokunikezela umoya oxinzelelweyo kwi-EA.Esi sisombululo sibonelela ngokukwazi ukunyathela i-braking nangona kungabikho umoya oxinyiweyo kwinkqubo kwaye kudala iimeko zokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwesithuthi.Ukunikezelwa komoya kwi-EA kulawulwa ngesandla ngumqhubi usebenzisa i-valve ekhethekileyo yokupaka i-valve (okanye i-crane yomoya yezandla).
Ivalve yebrake yokupaka inemisebenzi emininzi:
● Ukunikezelwa komoya ocinezelweyo kwi-EA ukukhulula imoto;
● Ukukhutshwa komoya ocinezelweyo kwi-EA ngexesha lokuqhomfa.Ngaphezu koko, zombini ukopha okupheleleyo komoya xa ubeka isiqhoboshi sokupaka, kunye nenxalenye xa i-spare / i-axiliary brake isebenza;
● Ukujonga ukusebenza kweziqhoboshi zokupaka iimoto zikaloliwe (iitrektara ezinezirhubhe).
I-crane ye-parking brake yenye yezona zinto zilawula iilori, iibhasi kunye nezinye izixhobo ezineziqhoboshi zomoya.Ukusebenza okungalunganga kwesi sixhobo okanye ukonakaliswa kwaso kunokuba nemiphumo ebuhlungu, ngoko ke i-crane ephosakeleyo kufuneka ilungiswe okanye itshintshwe.Ukukhetha i-crane efanelekileyo, kufuneka uqonde iintlobo ezikhoyo zezi zixhobo, ukuyila kwazo kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza.
Iintlobo, uyilo kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza kwe-crane ye-brake yokupaka
Iivalve zokupaka zokupaka ziyahluka kuyilo kunye nokusebenza (inani lezikhonkwane).Ngoyilo, iikhreyini zezi:
● Ngeqhosha lokulawula elijikelezayo;
● Ngesixhobo sokulawula.
Ivalve yebhuleki yokupaka enesiphatho esijikelezayo
Ivalve yebhuleki yokupaka enesiphatho esijikisiweyo
Ukusebenza kweentlobo zombini zeekrane kusekelwe kwimigaqo efanayo, kwaye ukuhlukana kulele kuyilo lokuqhuba kunye neenkcukacha ezithile zokulawula - oku kuxoxwa ngezantsi.
Ngokumalunga nokusebenza, iicranes zezi:
● Ukulawula inkqubo yeziqhoboshi zemoto okanye ibhasi enye;
● Ukulawula inkqubo yokuqhokra kaloliwe wendlela (itrektara enenqwelwana).
Kwi-crane yohlobo lokuqala, iziphumo ezintathu kuphela zinikezelwa, kwisixhobo sohlobo lwesibini - ezine.Kwakhona kwii-cranes zoololiwe bendlela, kunokwenzeka ukuba ucime okwethutyana inkqubo ye-trailer ye-brake ukujonga ukusebenza kwebhuleki yokupaka yetrektara.
Zonke iivalve zokupaka i-brake zi-single-section, i-reverse action (ekubeni zibonelela ngokudlula emoyeni kwicala elinye kuphela - ukusuka kubamkeli ukuya kwi-EA, kwaye ukusuka kwi-EA ukuya emoyeni).Isixhobo sibandakanya i-valve yokulawula, i-piston-type tracking device, i-valve actuator kunye nenani lezinto ezincedisayo.Zonke iinxalenye zibekwe kwityala lentsimbi elinezikhokelo ezintathu okanye ezine:
● Ubonelelo oluvela kubamkeli (unikezelo lomoya ocinezelweyo);
● Ukurhoxa kwi-EA;
● Khuphela emoyeni;
Kwiikhreyini zoololiwe bendlela, imveliso kwivalve yokulawula ibrake yetreyila / isemi-trailer.
I-crane drive, njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, inokwakhiwa ngesiseko somqheba ojikelezayo okanye i-lever ephambukayo.Kwimeko yokuqala, isiqu se-valve siqhutywa yi-screw groove eyenziwe ngaphakathi kwesigqubuthelo somzimba, apho i-cap yesikhokelo ihamba xa isibambo siguqulwa.Xa isibambo siphendulwe nge-clockwise, i-cap kunye ne-stem iyancipha, xa ijika i-counterclockwise, iphakama, enika ulawulo lwe-valve.Kukwakho nesithinteli kwikhava ye-swivel, ethi, xa isibambo sijika, sicinezele i-valve yokukhangela i-brake eyongezelelweyo.
Kwimeko yesibini, i-valve ilawulwa yikhamera yesimo esithile esixhunyiwe kwisibambo.Xa isiphatho sijikisiwe kwelinye icala okanye kwelinye, ikhamera icinezela kwi-valve stem okanye iyikhulule, ilawula ukuhamba komoya.Kuzo zombini iimeko, izibambo zinendlela yokuvala kwiindawo ezigqithiseleyo, ukuhoxiswa kwezi zikhundla kuqhutyelwa ngokutsala isibambo kunye ne-axis yayo.Kwaye kwi-cranes ene-handle ephambukayo, ukujonga ukusebenza kwe-brake yokupaka kuqhutywe, ngokuchaseneyo, ngokucinezela isibambo kunye ne-axis yayo.
Umgaqo wokusebenza kwe-valve yokupaka i-valve kwimeko eqhelekileyo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.Kwimeko egxininisekileyo yesigxina, ehambelana ne-brake yokupaka evaliweyo, i-valve ibekwe ngendlela yokuba umoya ovela kubamkeli ungene ngokukhululekile kwi-EA, ukhulule isithuthi.Xa i-brake yokupaka ibandakanyeka, isibambo sifuduselwa kwindawo yesibini esisigxina, i-valve iphinda isasaze ukuhamba komoya ngendlela yokuba umoya ovela kubamkeli uvaliwe, kwaye ii-EA zinxibelelana nomoya - uxinzelelo kubo luyehla, imithombo icocekile kwaye ibonelela ngokuqhawuka kwesithuthi.
Kwizikhundla eziphakathi kwesibambo, isixhobo sokulandelela siza kusebenza - oku kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-spare okanye inkqubo ye-brake yokuncedisa.Ngokuphambuka kwenxalenye yesibambo ukusuka kwi-EA, umlinganiselo othile womoya uvulwa kwaye iipads zisondela kwidrum ye-brake - i-braking efunekayo iyenzeka.Xa isibambo simisiwe kule ndawo (ibanjwe ngesandla), isixhobo sokulandelela sibangelwa, esithintela umgca womoya ovela kwi-EA - umoya uyayeka ukukhupha igazi kwaye uxinzelelo kwi-EA luhlala luhleli.Ngokuhamba ngakumbi kwesiphatho kwicala elinye, umoya ovela kwi-EA uphinde wophe kwaye uqhankqalazo oluqatha lwenzeka.Xa isibambo sihamba kwelinye icala, umoya unikezelwa kubamkeli ukuya kwi-EA, ekhokelela ekukhuselweni kwemoto.Ngaloo ndlela, ukuqina kwe-braking kuhambelana ne-angle ye-deflection ye-handle, eqinisekisa ulawulo olukhululekile lwesithuthi kwimeko yenkqubo ye-brake yenkonzo ephosakeleyo okanye kwezinye iimeko.
Kwii-cranes zoololiwe bendlela, kunokwenzeka ukujonga i-parking brake ye-lever.Itshekhi enjalo iqhutyelwa ngokuhambisa isiphatho kwindawo efanelekileyo ngokulandela indawo yokuqhawula ngokupheleleyo (ukusebenzisa i-brake yokupaka), okanye ngokuyicinezela.Kule meko, i-valve ekhethekileyo ibonelela ngokukhululeka koxinzelelo kumgca wokulawula we-brake system ye-trailer / i-semi-trailer, ekhokelela ekukhululweni kwayo.Kangangokuba, itrektara ihlala ibhulekiwe kuphela yimithombo ye-EA, kwaye i-semi-trailer ayivalwanga ngokupheleleyo.Itshekhi elinjalo likuvumela ukuba uvavanye ukusebenza kwebhuleki yokupaka yetrektara yololiwe wendlela xa upaka kumathambeka okanye kwezinye iimeko.
I-valve ye-brake yokupaka ifakwe kwideshibhodi yemoto okanye kumgangatho wekhebhu ecaleni kwesihlalo somqhubi (ngasekunene), idibaniswe nenkqubo ye-pneumatic ngemibhobho emithathu okanye emine.Imibhalo ifakwe phantsi kwekhranethi okanye kumzimba wayo ukuthintela iimpazamo kulawulo lwenkqubo yebrake.
Imiba yokhetho, ukutshintshwa kunye nokugcinwa kwe-crane ye-parking brake
I-valve ye-brake yokupaka ngexesha lokusebenza kwemoto ihlala iphantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu kwaye ibonakaliswe kwiimpembelelo ezahlukeneyo ezingalunganga, ngoko kukho amathuba aphezulu okungasebenzi kakuhle.Amaxesha amaninzi, ii-caps zesikhokelo, iivalve, imithombo kunye neendawo ezahlukeneyo zokutywina ziyasilela.Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-crane kufunyaniswa ngokusebenza okungalunganga kwayo yonke inkqubo yokupaka isithuthi.Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwimeko yokuphuka kwale yunithi, akunakwenzeka ukunciphisa okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, ukukhulula imoto.Ukuvuza komoya kumpompo kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokutywinwa okungahambi kakuhle kwe-terminal ye-terminals kunye nemibhobho, kunye nokubunjwa kweentanda kunye nokuphulwa kwezindlu.
I-crane engalunganga iyaqhawulwa kwinqwelo-mafutha, iqhawuke kwaye ibekwe phantsi kovavanyo lwempazamo.Ukuba ingxaki ikwizitywina okanye kwi-cap, ke iinxalenye zinokuthi zitshintshwe - zihlala zinikezelwa kwiikiti zokulungisa.Kwimeko yokwaphuka okunzulu ngakumbi, i-crane iyatshintsha kwindibano.Isixhobo sohlobo olufanayo kunye nemodeli efakwe kwimoto ngaphambili kufuneka ithathelwe indawo.Akwamkelekanga ukufaka ii-cranes ezikhokelayo ezi-3 kwiitrektara ezisebenza ngeetreyila / ii-semi-trailers, kuba akunakwenzeka ukulungelelanisa ulawulo lwenkqubo ye-trailer ye-brake ngoncedo lwabo.Kwakhona, i-crane kufuneka ihambelane nomdala ngokubhekiselele kuxinzelelo lokusebenza kunye nemilinganiselo yokufakela.
Ukutshintshwa kwe-crane kuqhutyelwa ngokuhambelana nemiyalelo yokulungiswa kwesithuthi.Ngethuba lokusebenza okulandelayo, esi sixhobo sijongwa rhoqo, ukuba kuyimfuneko, izitywina zitshintshwa kuyo.Ukusebenza kwe-crane kufuneka kuhambelane nenkqubo esungulwe ngumenzi wesithuthi - kuphela kule meko yonke inkqubo yokuqhomfa iya kusebenza ngokufanelekileyo nangokuthembeka kuzo zonke iimeko.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-13-2023