Kuzo zonke iintlobo zeemoto, iibhasi, iitrektara kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa, iivalve ze-solenoid zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukulawula ukuhamba kolwelo kunye neegesi.Funda malunga nokuba zeziphi iivalvu ze-solenoid, zicwangciswe njani kwaye zisebenza njani, kwaye yeyiphi indawo ezikuyo kwizixhobo zemoto kweli nqaku.
Yintoni ivalve ye-solenoid kwaye isetyenziswa phi?
Ivalve ye-solenoid sisixhobo se-electromechanical solawulo olukude lokuhamba kweegesi kunye nolwelo.
Kwitekhnoloji yeemoto, iivalvu ze-solenoid zisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo:
- Kwinkqubo ye-pneumatic;
- Kwi-hydraulic system;
- Kwinkqubo yamafutha;
- Kwiinkqubo ezincedisayo - kulawulo olukude lweeyunithi zokuhambisa, iqonga lokulahla, izinamathiselo kunye nezinye izixhobo.
Kwangaxeshanye, iivalvu ze-solenoid zisombulula imisebenzi emibini ephambili:
- Ukulawulwa kokuhamba kwendawo yokusebenza - ukunikezelwa komoya ocinezelweyo okanye ioli kwiiyunithi ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kwindlela yokusebenza yenkqubo;
- Ukukhubaza unikezelo lwendlela yokusebenza kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo.
Le misebenzi ixazululwa ngama-valve e-solenoid yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuyila, ekufuneka ichazwe ngokubanzi.
Iintlobo zeevalvu ze-solenoid
Okokuqala, iivalve ze-solenoid zahlulwe ngamaqela amabini ngokohlobo lwesixhobo sokusebenza:
- Umoya - iivalvu zepneumatic;
- Ulwelo - iivalvu zesixokelelwano se-fuel kunye ne-hydraulic systems ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokwenani lokuhamba kwendlela yokusebenza kunye neempawu zokusebenza, iivalve zahlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezimbini:
- Iindlela ezimbini - zinemibhobho emibini kuphela.
- Iindlela ezintathu - zinemibhobho emithathu.
Iivalve zeendlela ezimbini zinemibhobho emibini - i-inlet kunye ne-outlet, phakathi kwazo i-medium medium flowing in one direction kuphela.Phakathi kwemibhobho kukho i-valve engakwazi ukuvula okanye ukuvala ukuhamba kwendawo yokusebenza, ukuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kwayo kwiiyunithi.
Iivalvu zendlela-ntathu zinemilomo emithathu enokuthi idityaniswe enye kwenye kwiindibaniso ezahlukeneyo.Ngokomzekelo, iisistim ze-pneumatic zihlala zisebenzisa ii-valve ezine-inlet enye kunye neepayipi ezimbini zokuphuma, kwaye kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zolawulo, umoya oxinzelelweyo ovela kumbhobho wokungena unganikezelwa kwelinye lemibhobho yokuphuma.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwii-valve ze-EPHX (i-economizer engasebenziyo enyanzelekileyo) kukho enye i-exhaust kunye nemibhobho yokungenisa ezimbini, ezibonelela nge-atmospheric eqhelekileyo kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-carburetor idling system.
Iivalvu zeendlela ezimbini zohlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezimbini ngokwendawo yolawulo xa i-electromagnetic ikhutshwa amandla:
- Ngokuqhelekileyo uvule (NO) - ivalve ivuliwe;
- Ngokuqhelekileyo ivaliwe (NC) - i-valve ivaliwe.
Ngokohlobo lwe-actuator kunye nolawulo, iivalvu zahlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini:
- Iivalve zesenzo esithe ngqo - ukuhamba kwendawo yokusebenza kulawulwa kuphela ngamandla aphuhliswe yi-electromagnet;
- I-pilot solenoid valves - ukuhamba kwendawo yokusebenza kulawulwa ngokuyinxenye ngokusebenzisa uxinzelelo lwe-medium ngokwayo.
Kwiimoto kunye neetrektara, iivalve ezisebenza ngokuthe ngqo zisetyenziswa rhoqo.
Kwakhona, iivalve ziyahluka kwiimpawu zokusebenza (i-voltage yokubonelela nge-12 okanye i-24 V, i-nominal bore kunye nabanye) kunye neempawu zoyilo.Ngokwahlukileyo, kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya iivalve, ezinokuthi zihlanganiswe kwiibhloko ze-2-4 iziqwenga - ngenxa yesikhundla esithile semibhobho kunye ne-fasteners (eyelets), zinokudibaniswa kwisakhiwo esisodwa kunye nenani elikhulu lokungena kunye imibhobho yokuphuma.
Ubume ngokubanzi kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza kweevalvu ze-solenoid
Zonke iivalve ze-solenoid, kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni na kunye nenjongo, zinoyilo olufanayo, kwaye zineenxalenye ezininzi eziphambili:
-I-Electromagnet (solenoid) ene-armature yoyilo okanye enye;
-Into yokulawula / yokutshixa (okanye izinto) eziqhagamshelwe kwi-armature ye-electromagnetic;
- I-Cavities kunye nemijelo yokuhamba kwendlela yokusebenza, exhunywe kwi-fittings okanye i-nozzles emzimbeni;-Amabutho.
Kwakhona, ivalve inokuthwala izinto ezahlukeneyo ezincedisayo-izixhobo zokulungelelanisa ukunyanzeliswa kwemithombo okanye ukubethelwa kwesixhobo sokulawula, izixhobo zokucoca, izibambo zokulawula ukuhamba kwendlela yokusebenza, iiswitshi zokulawula ezinye izixhobo ngokuxhomekeke kurhulumente. yevalve, izihluzi, njl.
Iivalvu zahlulwe ngamaqela amathathu ngokohlobo kunye noyilo lwento yokulawula:
- I-Spool - into yokulawula yenziwe ngendlela ye-spool, enokusabalalisa ukuhamba kwendawo yokusebenza ngokusebenzisa iziteshi;
- I-Membrane - into yokulawula yenziwe ngendlela ye-elastic membrane;
- I-piston - into yokulawula yenziwe ngendlela yepiston esecaleni kwesihlalo.
Kule meko, ivalve inokuba nenye, ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu izinto zokulawula ezidityaniswe nengalo enye ye-electromagnetic.
Umgaqo osebenzayo we-valve ye-solenoid ilula kakhulu.Qwalasela ukusebenza kweyona ndlela ilula ye-diaphragm eneendlela ezimbini eqhele ukuvaleka ivelufa esetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokubonelela ngamafutha.Xa i-valve i-de-energized, i-armature icinezelwe ngokubhekiselele kwi-diaphragm ngesenzo somthombo, ovimba umjelo kunye nokuthintela umbane ukuba uqhubele phambili kwinkqubo.Xa i-current isetyenziswe kwi-electromagnetic field, i-magnetic field ivela ekujikelezeni kwayo, ngenxa yokuba i-armature itsalwa ngaphakathi - ngalo mzuzu i-membrane, engasayi kunyanzeliswa yi-armature, iphakama phantsi kwengcinezelo yokusebenza. phakathi kwaye ivula ijelo.Ngokususwa okulandelayo kwangoku kwi-electromagnetic, i-armature phantsi kwesenzo sentwasahlobo iya kubuyela kwindawo yayo yokuqala, cinezela i-membrane kwaye uvimbele umjelo.
Iivalve ezineendlela ezimbini zisebenza ngendlela efanayo, kodwa zisebenzisa i-spools okanye izinto zokulawula uhlobo lwepiston endaweni ye-diaphragm.Ngokomzekelo, qwalasela ukuyila kunye nokusebenza kwevalve ye-EPHX yeemoto ze-carburetor.Xa i-electromagnetic i-de-energized, i-armature iphakanyiselwe phezulu phantsi kwesenzo sentwasahlobo, kwaye into yokuvala ivala i-high fitting, idibanisa icala kunye ne-atmospheric fittings - kule meko, uxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric lusetyenziswa kwi-EPHH. ivalve yepneumatic, ivaliwe kwaye inkqubo ye-carburetor idling ayisebenzi.Xa i-current isetyenziswe kwi-electromagnetic, i-armature ihlehlisiwe, igqithise amandla entwasahlobo, ivala i-fitting ephantsi, ngelixa ivula phezulu, edibaniswe nombhobho wokungena injini (apho uxinzelelo oluncitshisiweyo lubonwa) - kule meko, a ivacuum isetyenziswe kwi-valve ye-pneumatic ye-EPHH, ivula kwaye ivule inkqubo yokungasebenzi.
Iivalve ze-Solenoid zithembeke kakhulu kwaye azithobeki ekusebenzeni, zinomthombo obalulekileyo (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-actuations engamakhulu amawaka), kwaye, njengomthetho, ayifuni ukugcinwa okukhethekileyo.Nangona kunjalo, xa kwenzeka ukungasebenzi, nayiphi na i-valve kufuneka itshintshwe ngokukhawuleza - kuphela kulo mzekelo ukusebenza okufunekayo kunye nokhuseleko lwesithuthi luya kuqinisekiswa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-24-2023