Amacandelo kunye neendibano zeenkqubo zokulawula izithuthi zixhunywe ngokusebenzisa iibhola zebhola, eyona nto iphambili yiminwe yesimo esikhethekileyo.Funda malunga nokuba zeziphi izikhonkwane ze-tie rod, ziphi iindidi, ukuba zicwangciswe njani kwaye yiyiphi imisebenzi abayenzayo kumalungu ebhola - funda inqaku.
Yintoni iphini lokubopha intonga?
Iphini lokubopha liyinxalenye yebhola edibeneyo yesixhobo sokuqhuba sezithuthi ezinamavili.Intonga yentsimbi enentloko yebhola kunye nencam yentambo yokunyuka, idlala indima ye-axis yehinge kunye ne-fastener ephambili.
Umnwe udibanisa iintonga kunye nezinye iinxalenye zesixhobo sokulawula, zenza ibhola edibeneyo.Ubukho be-hinge yolu hlobo kuqinisekisa ukuhamba kweengxenye zokukhwelana kwezixhobo zokuqhuba kuzo zombini iiplani ze-longitudinal kunye ne-transverse.Ngaloo ndlela, ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-drive kufezekiswa kungakhathaliseki ukuba siphi na isikhundla samavili (xa uphambukela kumgca ophakathi xa ugoba, xa ubetha iindlela ezingalinganiyo, njl.), ukulungiswa kwazo (ukulungelelaniswa), umthwalo wesithuthi, ukuguqulwa komqadi wevili, isakhelo kunye nezinye iindawo ezenzeka ngexesha lokuhamba kwemoto, njl.
Iintlobo kunye noyilo lwezikhonkwane zentonga yokubopha
Iminwe ingahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ngokwenjongo kunye nendawo yokufakela, kunye nezinye iimpawu zoyilo.
Ngokwenjongo kunye nendawo yokufakela, iminwe yile:
• Izikhonkwane zokuqhuba - zidibanise iinxalenye zetrapezoid yokulawula (i-longitudinal, iintonga ezinqamlezayo kunye neentambo zokulawula i-knuckle);
• Iphini yokulawula ibhipod - idibanisa i-bipod yokuqhuba kunye nelongitudinal bipod rod / i-bipod lever.
Isixhobo sokulawula sisebenzisa i-4 ukuya kwi-6 iibhola zebhola, enye yazo idibanisa i-bipod yokuqhubela phambili kwi-longitudinal tie rod (kwiimoto ezine-rack steering rack, le nxalenye ilahlekile), kwaye ezinye zibophe iintonga, i-knuckle levers (iingalo ezijikelezayo) kunye neengalo ze-pendulum (ukuba zikhona kwi-drive).Amalungu ebhola kunye neminwe esetyenzisiweyo kuzo inokutshintshwa, okanye yenzelwe ukufakwa kwihinge ethile.Ngokomzekelo, kwiimoto, izikhonkwane ezihlukeneyo zingasetyenziselwa i-bipod hinge kunye ne-longitudinal rod, i-joints of the transverse rod connection with the swing arm, njl.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni kunye nenjongo, izikhonkwane ze-tie zinoyilo olufanayo ngokomgaqo.Le yintsimbi ejikiweyo inxalenye, eyahlulahlulwe ngokwemeko ibe ngamacandelo amathathu:
- Intloko yebhola - incam ngendlela ye-sphere okanye i-hemisphere ene "collar";
- Umzimba womnwe lilungu eliphakathi, elenziwe kwikhowuni ukuze lidityaniswe nenye intonga;
- Umsonto - incam enentambo yokulungisa ihenjisi.
Umnwe uyinxalenye yebhola edibeneyo, eyenziwa ngendlela yecandelo elizimeleyo - i-tip (okanye intloko) yentonga yokubopha.Iphuzu lidlala indima yehinge yomzimba, ngaphakathi apho umnwe ukhona.I-liner ifakwe ngaphakathi kwe-cylindrical okanye i-conical cup ye-tip, igubungela intloko ye-spherical yomnwe, iqinisekisa ukuphambuka kwayo kuzo zonke iindiza (ngaphakathi kwe-15-25 degrees).Ii-Liners zinokuba yiplastiki enye (iTeflon okanye ezinye iipolymers ezinxibayo, ezisetyenziswa kwiimoto) okanye isinyithi esiqhekezayo (siquka iihafu ezimbini, ezisetyenziswa kwiilori).Ukufakwa kwe-Collapsible kunokuba ngokuthe nkqo - ukugubungela intloko emacaleni, kunye ne-horizontal - enye i-liner ibekwe phantsi kwentloko ye-spherical yomnwe, i-liner yesibini yenziwe ngendlela yendandatho kwaye ibekwe ngaphezu kwentloko.
Uyilo oluqhelekileyo lwebhola yeqhina edibeneyo yeemoto zabahambi
Ngezantsi, iglasi ivalwe ngesiciko esisuswayo okanye esingasuswayo, i-spring ifakwe phakathi kwe-lid kunye ne-liner, eqinisekisa uqhagamshelwano oluthembekileyo phakathi komgca kunye nentloko yomnwe we-spherical.Ukusuka ngasentla, umzimba wehinge uvaliwe nge-cap yokukhusela (anther).Kwinxalenye ye-conical ephumayo yomnwe, umlingane wentonga, i-bipod okanye i-lever ifakwe, ukukhawuleza kuqhutyelwa nge nut.Ufakelo oluthembekileyo, i-slotted (isithsaba) i-nuts idla ngokusetyenziswa, igxininiswe ngepini ye-cotter (kule meko, umgodi onqamlekileyo unikezelwa kwinxalenye yentambo yepini).
Zonke iibhola zebhola zeentambo ze-tie zine-design echazwe, ukuhlukana kuphela kwiinkcukacha ezincinci (iintlobo zamantongomane, ukucwangciswa kwezikhonkwane kunye nendawo yazo, ukuyila kwee-liners, iintlobo zemithombo, njl.) kunye nemilinganiselo.
Ukhetho olufanelekileyo kunye nokulungiswa kwezikhonkwane ze-tie rod
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, intloko engqukuva kunye nenxalenye yephini, kunye neentambo kunye nezinye iindawo zehinge, ziyaguga.Oku kukhokelela ekubuyiseleni umva kunye nokuphuma kwisixhobo sokuqhuba, okuguqulela ekunciphiseni induduzo kunye nomgangatho wokuqhuba, kwaye ekugqibeleni ekunciphiseni ukhuseleko lwesithuthi.Ukuba kukho iimpawu zokugqoka okanye ukuphuka, izikhonkwane ze-tie rod okanye iindibano ezidibeneyo zebhola kufuneka zitshintshwe.
Ukulungisa kunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi:
• Faka endaweni yomnwe kuphela;
• Faka indawo yephini kunye neendawo zokukhwelana (i-liners, intwasahlobo, i-boot, i-nut kunye ne-cotter pin);
• Faka ihenjisi endaweni yencam yencam yeqhina.
Isisombululo esona sisisombululo kukubuyisela ipini kunye neengxenye zokukhwelana, ekubeni onke amacandelo amatsha angenayo i-backlash kwaye aqinisekise ukudibanisa okuqhelekileyo kweentambo zokubopha kunye nezinye izinto.Kule meko, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo ukukhama umnwe omdala kwaye ufake entsha.Nangona kunjalo, esi sisombululo asisoloko sifanelekile - kwezinye iimoto zabakhweli, ipini ayinakususwa kwi-hinge, iyatshintsha kuphela kwindibano.
Ukutshintshwa kwendibano ye-tie rod tip kunye nehinge iyadingeka kuphela xa kukho ukungasebenzi kakubi kweyunithi - ukuguqulwa, ukubola, ukutshatyalaliswa.Kule meko, ingcebiso endala isusiwe, kwaye ifakwe entsha endaweni yayo.Xa utshintshe izikhonkwane okanye iingcebiso zombhobho, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-nut igxininiswe ngokukhuselekileyo (ngepini ye-cotter okanye ngenye indlela emiselweyo), ngaphandle koko inokujika, okuya kubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesikhokelo okanye kwi- ilahleko epheleleyo yokulawulwa kwesithuthi.
Inxalenye entsha ayifuni ukugcinwa okukhethekileyo kunye nokunyamekela, kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuhlola amaxesha ngamaxesha kwaye, ukuba iimpawu zokugqoka okanye ukuphuka zivela, zitshintshe.Ukutshintshwa, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha iminwe okanye iingcebiso ezicetyiswa ngumenzi wesithuthi.Ezi nxalenye kufuneka zifaneleke ngobukhulu kunye noyilo (unikeze i-angle efunekayo yokuphambuka komnwe), ngaphandle koko ukuqondisa akuyi kusebenza ngokuchanekileyo.Ngokukhetha okufanelekileyo kwephini lokubopha, i-steering gear iya kulungiswa ngokuhambelana nemigangatho, kwaye imoto iya kufumana kwakhona ulawulo olukhululekile nolukhuselekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-21-2023