Zonke izithuthi ziya kuxhotyiswa ngezibane zesalathiso sendlela ephakathi.Ukusebenza okuchanekileyo kwezalathisi zesalathiso kubonelelwa nge-relays ezikhethekileyo zokuphazamiseka - funda zonke malunga nezi zixhobo, iintlobo zazo, ukuyila kunye nokusebenza, kunye nokukhethwa kunye nokutshintshwa, kweli nqaku.
Yintoni i-turn relay?
I-turn relay (i-turn indicator interrupter relay, i-current breaker) sisixhobo sombane okanye sombane esenzelwe ukuvala nokuvula isiphaluka sezalathisi zesalathiso sokukhanya kwesithuthi ukwenzela ukuvelisa umqondiso ophazamisayo ukulumkisa ngesithuthi esenza iintshukumo ezithile.
Esi sixhobo sinemisebenzi emine engundoqo:
• Ukuqulunqwa komqondiso ophazamisayo wezibane zesalathiso zesalathiso kwicala elinye lemoto (ngasekunene okanye ngasekhohlo) xa uqhuba iindlela ezihambelanayo;
• Ukuveliswa komqondiso wethutyana wazo zonke izibane zesalathisi xa i-alam ivuliwe;
• Ukwenziwa komqondiso wethutyana wesibane solawulo esihambelanayo kwideshibhodi;
• Ukuveliswa komqondiso wesandi ophazamisayo oxelela umqhubi ngezalathi zokujika ezivuliweyo.
I-interrupter relay iquka iisekethe zombane ezintathu: iisekethi zokukhanya ezimbini ezijikayo kwicala lasekunene nelasekhohlo lesithuthi, kunye nesekethe enye ye-alarm (ebandakanya izikhombisi zendlela kumacala omabini esithuthi).Ukuvula i-alamu yokukhanya, i-relay ixhunyiwe kwisiphaluka esihambelanayo usebenzisa i-paddle shifter.Ngoko ke, ngokuqhelekileyo i-relay enye kuphela ifakwe kwizithuthi.
Imithetho yangoku yendlela kunye nemigangatho imisela ukuba zonke iimoto ezisebenza kwintsimi yeRussian Federation kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngezalathisi zesikhokelo, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwale alamu kunyanzelekile xa kusenziwa nayiphi na indlela.Ukuba i-alamu yokukhanya ayisebenzi, kuyimfuneko ukuthatha amanyathelo okuphelisa ukungasebenzi kakuhle, ngokuqhelekileyo ukulungiswa kuncitshiswe kwi-placement elula ye-turn signal interrupter relay.Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthenga kunye nokutshintsha iirelays, kufuneka uqonde iintlobo zezi zixhobo ezikhoyo namhlanje, isakhiwo kunye neempawu zabo.
Ulwahlulo, isixhobo kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza kwe-rotation relay
Kwiimoto, iitrektara kunye nezinye izixhobo, zimbini iindidi eziphambili zokuhanjiswa zisetyenziswa:
• I-Electromagnetothermal;
• Ngombane.
Izixhobo zolu didi zihluke kwimigaqo yomzimba yokusebenza ebekwe kuzo kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, ukuyila.
Izaphuli ze-Electromagnetothermal zangoku.Ezi zindlela zokujikela zoyilo oludala, eziye zasetyenziswa kwiimoto amashumi eminyaka, kodwa ngenxa yesixhobo esilula kunye nokuthembeka, abakaphulukani nokubaluleka kwabo.
Isiseko sesi sixhobo sisisiseko se-electromagnetic kunye nekhoyili kunye neehange ezimbini zentsimbi kunye namaqela oqhagamshelwano.Enye i-ankile itsalwa kude kumdibaniso wayo ngomtya obhityileyo we-nichrome (isinyithi esine-resistivity ephezulu kunye ne-coefficient ephezulu yokwandiswa kwe-thermal), i-anchor yesibini ibanjwe kumgama othile ukusuka ekudibaneni kwayo ngepleyiti yobhedu yobhedu.Olu hlobo lwe-relay lusebenza ngokulula.Xa izikhombisi zesikhokelo zivuliwe, i-current idlula kwi-core winding, intambo ye-nichrome kunye ne-resistor, ukuchasana kwesi sekethi kuphezulu, ngoko ke izibane zikhanya isiqingatha.Ngexesha elifutshane, intambo iyatshisa kwaye yande ngenxa yokwandiswa kwe-thermal - i-armature itsalwa kuqhagamshelwano lwayo kwaye ivala isiphaluka - kulo mzekelo, umbane ojikelezayo ujikeleze umtya kunye ne-resistor, izibane zesalathiso zikhanya nge-incandescence epheleleyo. .Intambo yokucima amandla ipholile ngokukhawuleza, ifutshane kwaye idonsa i-armature ekudibaniseni - isiphaluka siphukile, i-current flowing ngokusebenzisa umtya kwakhona kwaye inkqubo iphinda.
Ngomzuzu wokuvala abafowunelwa, umsinga omkhulu uhamba nge-electromagnetic core, intsimi yamagnetic yenziwa ngeenxa zonke, ekhanga i-armature yesibini - iqela lesibini labafowunelwa livala, elijika isibane kwideshibhodi.Ngenxa yoko, ukusebenza kwezalathisi zesalathiso kuphinda kuphindwe kuphindwe kukusebenza okuphakathi kwesibane kwideshibhodi.Iinkqubo ezichazwe zinokuthi zenzeke ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngamaxesha angama-60-120 ngomzuzu (oko kukuthi, umjikelezo ngamnye wokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa umtya uthatha kwi-0.5 ukuya kwi-1 yesibini).
Uyilo lwe-electromagnetothermal relay
I-Electromagnetothermal relays idla ngokufakwa kwi-cylindrical metal case nge screw okanye imela contacts, zinokuxhonywa kwindawo ye-injini okanye phantsi kwedeshibhodi.
Electronic turn breakers.Ezi zixhobo zanamhlanje ezisetyenziswa kuzo zonke iimoto ezintsha.Namhlanje, kukho iindidi ezimbini zokuhanjiswa kwe-elektroniki:
• Nge-electromagnetic relay yokudibanisa umthwalo (turn signal izibane);
• Ngeqhosha le-elektroniki ukuqhagamshela umthwalo.
Kwimeko yokuqala, i-relay yokujika iqukethe iibhloko ezimbini ezisebenzayo - i-relay ye-electromagnetic elula kunye nesitshixo se-elektroniki kwisixhobo se-semiconductor (kwi-transistor okanye i-microcircuit).Isitshixo se-elektroniki sisebenza njengejenereyitha yewotshi, ethi, ngesantya esimiselweyo, ibonelele ngoku kwi-winding ye-electromagnetic relay, kunye nabafowunelwa berelay, ukuvala nokuvula, kuqinisekisa ukuba izikhombisi zendlela zivuliwe kwaye zivaliwe.
Kwimeko yesibini, endaweni ye-electromagnetic relay, kusetyenziswe isitshixo se-elektroniki kwi-transistor yamandla aphezulu, ebonelela ngoqhagamshelo kunye nokuqhawulwa kwezikhombisi zesikhokelo kunye nesantya esifunekayo.
Iireyiyi ze-elektroniki zidla ngokufakwa kumatyala eplastiki aqhelekileyo aneentsimbi eziqhagamshelwana nazo, zidla ngokufakelwa kwibhokisi yokudlulisa kunye ne-fuse, kaninzi ngaphantsi kwedeshibhodi okanye kwikhompatimenti ye-injini.
Imibuzo yokuthenga okuchanekileyo kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-relay yokujika
I-relay engasebenziyo yenye yeengxaki eziqhelekileyo zenkqubo yombane yeemoto, kwaye nangona imithetho yendlela ayikuthinteli ukusebenza kwesithuthi esinezikhombisi zokujika eziphosakeleyo (ekubeni izibonakaliso zinokunikwa ngesandla), le nxalenye kufuneka ithathelwe indawo. ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka xa kukho ukuphuka.Ukutshintsha, kufuneka ukhethe i-relay yohlobo olufanayo kunye nemodeli efakwe ngaphambili kwimoto.Nangona kunjalo, namhlanje kukho ezininzi ii-analogues zezona zinto ziqhelekileyo zokuguqula i-relays kwimarike, kwaye phakathi kwabo unokukhetha isixhobo esifanelekileyo.Ukwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo, kufuneka uqwalasele oku kulandelayo:
• I-voltage yokubonelela - i-relay kufuneka ihambelane nokunikezelwa kwamandla ombane wombane wesithuthi (i-12 okanye i-24 volts);
• Inombolo kunye nendawo yabafowunelwa (i-pinout) - i-relay kufuneka iwele kwindawo kwi-relay kunye nebhokisi ye-fuse okanye kwisidibanisi esahlukileyo ngaphandle kokuguqulwa;
• Imilinganiselo yecala - ireyiyi mayingagqibi ngaphaya kwemilinganiselo yebhokisi yerelay kunye nefuse (nangona kukho okungaphandle apha).
I-relays yanamhlanje kulula ukuyitshintsha - kufuneka uvule i-relay kunye nebhokisi ye-fuse, susa i-relay endala, ukuba kuyimfuneko, uhlambulule isixhumi sombane (susa ukungcola kunye nothuli), kwaye ufake i-relay entsha.I-Electromagnetothermal breakers ene-screw connectors ifuna ukuguqulwa okungakumbi: kufuneka ukhulule amantongomane e-relay endala, susa iingcingo kwaye uzilungise kwi-relay entsha.Kule meko, i-relay ngokwayo idla ngokuxhonywa emzimbeni usebenzisa i-bracket kunye ne-bolt.Kwezinye iimeko, i-electromagnetothermal relays ivumela utshintsho kwi-frequency interruption yangoku - kule nto, isixhobo kufuneka sitshatyalaliswe kwaye sihlengahlengiswe ngokuguqula i-screw edonsa umtya we-nichrome.
Ngokukhetha okufanelekileyo kunye nokufakwa, i-relay iya kuqala ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza, iqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho yendlela.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-18-2023