Kwi-axle yangaphambili yeemoto ze-UAZ ezijikelezayo kukho iindibano ze-pivot ezinamajoyina e-CV, ezenza kube lula ukudlulisa i-torque kumavili nangona zijikiwe.I-Kingpins idlala indima ebalulekileyo kule yunithi - funda konke malunga nezi nxalenye, injongo yazo, iindidi, ukuyila kunye nokusebenza kweli nqaku.
Yintoni i-UAZ kingpin, injongo yayo kunye nemisebenzi
I-kingpin yintonga eyenza ihinge joint ye-knuckle yokuqhuba (idityaniswe ne-hub yevili) kunye nebhola edibeneyo yeqhosha lokuqhuba (SHOPK, ngaphakathi kwenkxaso kukho ihenjisi ye-angular velocities elinganayo, i-CV joint) ngaphambili. I-axle yeemoto ze-UAZ eziqhuba onke amavili.I-Kingpins zizinto zendlela ye-pivot ebonelela ngokukwazi ukuphambukisa amavili aqhutywayo ngaphandle kokwaphula i-torque.
I-UAZ kingpins inemisebenzi elandelayo:
• Yenza njengamazembe apho iqhosha lokulawula linokuthi lijinga;
• Yenza njengamacandelo okudibanisa adibanisa ibhola kunye neknuckle yokulawula ibe yiyunithi enye;
• Yenza njengamacandelo okuthwala umthwalo obonelela ngobungqongqo obuyimfuneko bendibano yepivot, kwaye kwakhona uqonde amaxesha amandla avela ngexesha lokuhamba kwemoto ukusuka kwiqhosha lokuqhuba (kwaye yena, naye, ukusuka kwivili) kwaye uwadlulisele umqa we-asi.
I-UAZ kingpins, nangona i-design yabo elula, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwe-axle yangaphambili ye-SUV, kwaye ngoko yonke imoto.
Iintlobo ze-UAZ kingpins
Ngokubanzi, i-kingpin yintonga emfutshane yokwakheka enye okanye enye, ecinezelwe emzimbeni we-knuckle yokulawula kunye nenxalenye ephezulu, kwaye isiphelo esisezantsi sinonxibelelwano lwe-hinge kunye nomzimba webhola.Ukudibanisa i-knuckle yokulawula kunye ne-SHOPK, ii-kingpins ezimbini zisetyenziselwa - phezulu nangaphantsi, ii-kingpins ezine zifakwe kwibhuloho yonke, ngokulandelanayo.
Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, kwii-axles eziphambili zeemoto ze-UAZ zafakelwa iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-kingpins:
• I-T-shaped cylindrical kingpins (ngokujikeleza kumkhono wobhedu);
• Ookumkani abahlanganisiweyo abanebhola (ngokujikeleza ibhola);
• Ii-kingpins ezithweleyo ezidityanisiweyo (ezinojikelezo kwibheringi ene tapered);
• Ii-kingpins ezine-cylindrical-conical ezine-cylindrical-conical ezixhasayo ezingqukuva (ezijikelezayo kwi-bronze spherical liner).
I-T-shaped cylindrical kingpins sisisombululo seklasikhi esafakwa kwiimodeli zakuqala zeemoto ze-UAZ ezine-axles zokuqhuba zohlobo lwe "Timken" (enebhokisi le-gearbox crankcase).Ama-kingpins adibeneyo anebhola kunye ne-bearing isisombululo samanje, ezi nxalenye zibekwe kwii-axles zokuqhuba uhlobo lwe-"Timken" endaweni yee-kingpins eziqhelekileyo, zinemilinganiselo efanayo.I-Kingpins kunye nenkxaso ye-spherical yaqala ukufakwa kwiimodeli ezintsha zeemoto ze-UAZ ezine-axles zokuqhuba uhlobo lwe "Spicer" - UAZ-31519, 315195 ("Hunter"), 3160, 3163 ("Patriot") kunye nokuguqulwa kwazo.
I-Kingpins yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zinomohluko omkhulu woyilo.
Uyilo kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza kwe-T-shaped cylindrical kingpins
I-kingpin enjalo iyingxenye ngendlela yeesilinda ezimbini zobubanzi obuhlukeneyo, obuchwelwe kwi-workpiece eyodwa.Ekupheleni kwendawo ephezulu (ebanzi), phakathi kwayo, ishaneli enemisonto iqingqwe ukuze kufakwe i-oiler.Kufuphi, kunye nokuxuba ukusuka kumbindi, umjelo omncinci we-diameter eneendonga ezigudileyo ubholwa ukufakwa kwephini lokuvala.Kwicala lecala lecandelo elisezantsi (elimxinwa), ikhefu le-annular linikezelwa ngokusasazwa kwe-lubricant.Kwakhona, itshaneli edlulayo inokwenziwa kwi-pivot ukuthambisa yonke indibano yendibano.
I-kingpin igxininiswe emzimbeni we-knuckle yokulawula kunye nenxalenye ebanzi kwaye ilungiswe ngentsimbi yensimbi (ibanjwe ngamabholiti amane), kwaye ukujika kuthintelwe ngepini.Ngenxalenye yayo emxinwa, i-kingpin ifakwe kwi-sleeve yobhedu ecinezelwe kumzimba odibeneyo webhola.Umkhono ulungelelaniswe ngendlela yokuba i-kingpin ikwazi ukujikeleza kuyo ngaphandle kwe-jamming.I-Metal gaskets ibekwe phakathi kwendawo ebanzi ye-kingpin kunye nomzimba webhola edibeneyo, ngoncedo apho ukulungelelaniswa kwayo yonke indlela ye-pivot yenziwa.Ukuququzelela ukujikeleza kunye nokunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa kokugqoka kwamacandelo, i-kingpins ifakwe kwi-angle encinci.
Isixhobo sisebenza nezi kingpins ngokulula: xa isenza i-maneuver, iknuckle yokuqhuba iyatenxa ukusuka kwindawo esembindini nge-bipod, ii-kingpins zijikeleza kunye namalungu azo acutheneyo kumatyholo acinezelwe kumzimba odibeneyo webhola.Xa ujika, igrisi evela kumjelo we-kingpin ingena kwindawo yokuphumla kwindawo yayo esezantsi, apho isasazwa kwisithuba esiphakathi kwe-kingpin kunye nomkhono - oku kunciphisa amandla okuphikisana kunye nokunciphisa ukuguga kwamalungu.
Uyilo kunye nokusebenza kwee-kingpins ebholeni
I-kingpin enjalo iqulethwe ngamacandelo amathathu: ephezulu, icinezelwe emzimbeni we-knuckle yokulawula, iphantsi, icinezelwe emzimbeni we-SHOP, kunye nebhola yentsimbi efakwe phakathi kwabo.Ibhola ifakwe kwimingxuma ye-hemispherical, eqingqwe kwiindawo zokugqibela ze-kingpin halves.Ukuthambisa ibhola, iziteshi ze-axial zenziwa kwisiqingatha se-kingpin, kwaye itshaneli enemisonto yokufaka igrisi inikezelwe kwindawo ephezulu ye-kingpin.
Ukufakwa kwee-kingpins kwiibhola kuhluke ekufakweni kwe-kingpin eqhelekileyo kuphela ukuba isiqingatha esisezantsi sifakwe ngokungqongqo emzimbeni webhola edibeneyo, ngoko akukho mkhono we-bronze.
Isixhobo se-pivot sisebenza kunye neenxalenye zolu hlobo ngokulula: xa ivili lijikisiwe, indawo ephezulu ye-kingpin ijikeleza kwibhola, kwaye ibhola ngokwayo ijikeleza ngandlel' ithile xa ithelekiswa neehafu ze-kingpin.Oku kuqinisekisa ukuncitshiswa kwemikhosi ekhuphisanayo kunye nokunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa kokuguga kweengxenye ezinxulumene ne-kingpin eqhelekileyo.
Uyilo kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza kwee-kingpins kwi-bearing
Ngokwesakhiwo, i-kingpin ene-bearing yeyona nto inzima kakhulu, iqulethwe ngamacandelo amathathu: isiqingatha esisezantsi, apho i-tapered bearing icinezelwe (ukongeza, i-ring thrust ebekwe phantsi kwe-bearing ingasetyenziswa), kunye ne-cage yokuthwala icinezelwe. kwindlu yeqhosha lokulawula.Kwisiqingatha esisezantsi kukho umjelo we-axial wokubonelela nge-lubricant, kwi-cage yokuthwala kukho umjelo osecaleni wepini kunye nomjelo ophakathi wokufaka i-grease fitter.
Ngokwenene, olu hlobo lwe-kingpin luphuculo lwe-kingpin kwibhola, kodwa apha iziqingatha ezibini zijikeleza kwi-bearing, ezinokuthi zinciphise kakhulu amandla okubetha kunye nokwandisa ngokubanzi ukuthembeka kweyunithi.Ukusetyenziswa kweebheringi ze-tapered kunika ukuchasana okwandisiweyo kwimithwalo ye-axial eyenzekayo ngexesha lokusebenza kwesithuthi.
Uyilo kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza kwee-kingpins ngenkxaso ye-spherical UAZ "Hunter" kunye ne "Patriot"
La ma-kingpins adibanisa iingenelo zee-kingpins eziqhelekileyo kunye ne-kingpins kwibhola, ukusuka ekuqaleni bathatha ukulula kokuyila, ukusuka kwisibini - ukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokunciphisa amandla okubetha.Ngokwesakhiwo, i-kingpin yintonga ye-cylindrical-conical enentloko ye-hemispherical, eqingqwe kwi-workpiece enye.Kwindawo emxinwa ye-kingpin, intambo ye-nut ibonelelwe, itshaneli yokuthambisa ibholwa ecaleni kwe-axis yenxalenye, kwaye i-grooves yenziwe entloko ukusasaza i-lubricant phezu kwendawo yokuxubha.
I-kingpin ifakwe ngokungqongqo kumzimba we-knuckle yokulawula, i-clamping sleeve isetyenziselwa ukulungiswa, apho i-kingpin ingena khona kunye nenxalenye yayo ye-conical, kwaye ukusuka phezulu ngentsimbi yensimbi, i-kingpin ene-sleeve iqiniswe nge-nut.Inxalenye ye-spherical ye-kingpin ixhomekeke kwi-bronze liner (namhlanje kukho izilungiso kunye neeplastiki zeplastiki, kodwa azithembekanga kangako), ezithi, nazo, zibekwe kwinkxaso ye-kingpin kumzimba we-SHOPK.Ukulungelelaniswa kwendawo ehambelanayo yeengxenye zeyunithi iqhutyelwa ngokusebenzisa i-gaskets ebekwe phantsi kwe-kingpin lining.
I-kingpin yolu hlobo isebenza ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: xa iivili ziguqulwa, ii-kingpins, zixhunywe ngokungqongqo kumzimba wenqindi, zijikeleza kwii-liners kunye neentloko zabo ezijikelezayo.Ngaphezu koko, aba kumkani babona ngcono ukuphambuka kwenqindi kwinqwelomoya ethe nkqo, eqinisekisa ubomi babo benkonzo obude kunye nokuthembeka kuzo naziphi na iimeko.
I-Kingpins yazo zonke iintlobo zigugile ngokuhamba kwexesha, ixesha elithile le mpahla inokuhlawulwa ngokuqiniswa kwamacandelo okanye ukwandisa inani le-gaskets, kodwa lo mthombo uphelelwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye i-kingpins kufuneka iguqulwe.Ngokutshintshwa okuchanekileyo kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo lee-kingpins, imoto ibuyisela uzinzo endleleni kwaye inokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nakwiimeko ezinzima.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-24-2023