I-shafts ephuma kwiiyunithi zokuhambisa kunye nezinye iindlela zemoto zingabangela ukuvuza kunye nokungcoliswa kweoli - le ngxaki isonjululwe ngokufaka izitywina zeoli.Funda konke malunga nokutywinwa kweoli ye-drive, ukuhlelwa kwazo, ukuyila kunye nokusebenza, kunye nokukhetha okuchanekileyo kunye nokutshintshwa kwezitywina kwinqaku.
Yintoni i-oyile ye-actuator?
Ukutywinwa kweoli ye-drive (i-cuff) yinto yokutywinwa kweeyunithi ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo zezithuthi;Icandelo le-annular elivala i-shafts, iibheringi kunye nezinye iindawo ezijikelezayo kwiindawo zazo zokuphuma kwiyunithi yezindlu.
Kuyo nayiphi na imoto, itrektara kunye nezinye izixhobo kukho iiyunithi kunye neendlela, ukusuka kumzimba apho i-shafts ejikelezayo iphuma - iibhokisi zegiya, iibhokisi zegiya, ii-fan drives kunye nabanye.Ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho ioli okanye enye igrisi ngaphakathi kwezi yunithi, kwaye umngxuma we-shaft unokubangela ilahleko kunye nokungcoliswa kwe-lubricant.Umsebenzi wokutywina ukukhutshwa kwee-shafts ezijikelezayo ngaphandle kwezindlu zeeyunithi zixazululwa ngoncedo lwezinto ezikhethekileyo zokutywinwa - izitywina zeoli (i-cuffs) zokuqhuba.
Isitywina seoyile yokuqhuba yenza imisebenzi emininzi:
● Ukuthintelwa kokuvuza kwe-oyile kunye nokulahleka kwesinye isithambisi kumzimba weyunithi okanye isixhobo;
● Ukukhuselwa komatshini ekungeneni kwamanzi, uthuli nezingcolisi ezinkulu;
● Ukukhuselwa kwe-lubricant ekungcolisweni ngumbhobho kunye nezinye iigesi.
Ukwaphulwa kwengqibelelo okanye ukulahleka kwetywina leoli kukhokelela ekuvuzeni okukhulu kweoli kunye nokungcoliswa, okuza kuthi kungekudala kubangele umonakalo kuyo yonke iyunithi.Ukuthintela oku, i-oyile ye-oyile ephelelweyo okanye ephosakeleyo kufuneka itshintshwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo.Ukukhethwa okuchanekileyo kunye nokutshintshwa kwezinto zokutywinwa, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda iintlobo zabo ezikhoyo, ukuyila kunye nokusebenza.
Iintlobo, uyilo kunye neempawu zokutywinwa kweoli yokuqhuba
Onke amatywina e-oyile enziwa ngohlobo lwendandatho eneprofayili emile okwe-U, apho imiphezulu emithathu igqamile:
● Ngaphakathi okanye ukusebenza - kubandakanya imiphetho yokusebenza, i-oil seal ixhomekeke kwi-shaft kunye nalo mhlaba;
● Ngaphandle - egudileyo okanye egudileyo, lo mphezulu wetywina leoli udibana nomzimba weyunithi;
● Isiphelo - ngokuqhelekileyo sicaba, lo mphezulu uhambelana nomzimba weyunithi.
I-cuff ifakwe kwisihlalo kumzimba weyunithi (ibhokisi yokufaka izinto) kwaye iphumle kwi-shaft, ngenxa yoyilo, uxinzelelo lwayo oluqinileyo kumzimba kunye ne-shaft luqinisekisiwe, olufezekisa ukutywinwa.
Izitywina zeoyile zahlulwe zaba ziindidi ezininzi ngokobukho / ukungabikho kwezinto ezahlukeneyo kunye neempawu zomsebenzi.
Okokuqala, amatywina e-oyile ahlulwe abe ziindidi ezimbini ngokoyilo lwazo:
● Ingenasakhelo;
● Ngesakhelo sokuqinisa.
Iimpawu ze-oyile zohlobo lokuqala zenziwe ngendlela ye-ring elastic eyenziwe ngerubha yokwenziwa, kwindawo engaphakathi apho imida yokusebenza yenziwa.Njengomgangatho, kukho imiphetho emibini yokusebenza kwiimpawu zeoli - ngaphambili nangasemva, kodwa inani labo linokufikelela ezine.Ngaphakathi kwindandatho kukho i-spring ephothiweyo ehlanganiswe kwindandatho, enika uxinzelelo oluqinileyo lwetywina leoli kwi-shaft.
Iimpawu ze-oyile zodidi lwesibini zinzima ngakumbi - ngaphakathi kwindandatho kukho isakhelo sokuqinisa intsimbi yesimo esinye okanye esinye.Amaxesha amaninzi, isakhelo sithe tye (ipleyiti egalelwe kwindandatho) okanye iprofayili emile okwe-L, kodwa kukho izitywina zeoyile ezinezakhelo zeprofayili enzima ngakumbi.Ezinye iindawo eziqinisiweyo zifana nezo zingaqiniswanga.
Izitywina zeoyile ezinesakhelo sokuqinisa zohlulwe zibe ziindidi ezintathu zesakhiwo:
● Ngesakhelo esivaliweyo;
● Ngefreyim engenanto;
● Ngesakhelo esingenanto.
Kuyilo lohlobo lokuqala, isakhelo sibekwe ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi kwindandatho yerabha yesitywina seoli, okanye ikhonkco igubungela ngokupheleleyo umphezulu wangaphandle wesakhelo.Kwimeko yesibini, ikhonkco igubungela isiphelo kunye nenxalenye yendawo yangaphandle yesakhelo, kwaye okwesithathu, isakhelo siphantse sivuleke ngokupheleleyo.Izitywina ze-oyile ezinesakhelo sokuqinisa ngokuyinxenye kwaye esingenanto ngokupheleleyo zifakwe ngokuqinileyo kwisihlalo sazo, kuba ziphumla ngokuchasene nomzimba wesinyithi weyunithi eneringi yentsimbi.Nangona ezo zitywina zeoli zibonelela ngokutywinwa okubi ngakumbi, okunyanzelisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-sealants okanye iindawo ezongezelelweyo
Uyilo oluqhelekileyo lwetywina yeoli yokuqhuba
Uyilo lwetywina le-oyile elingaqiniswanga kunye ne-spring
Uyilo kunye nemilinganiselo ephambili yetywina yeoli eqinisiweyo kunye nentwasahlobo
Umsesane we-elastic wazo zonke iintlobo zeoli ye-oyile inokwenziwa ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zerubha yokwenziwa - i-acrylate, i-fluororubber, i-nitrile butadiene, i-silicone (i-organosilicon) kunye nabanye.Ezi zixhobo zinokumelana okungalinganiyo kumaqondo okushisa aphezulu kunye aphantsi kunye ne-lubricant, kodwa zinee-coefficients ezifanayo ze-friction kwintsimbi kunye namandla omatshini.
Izitywina zeoyile zokuqhuba zinokuba nezinto ezahlukeneyo ezongezelelweyo:
● I-anther yintsinjana encinci engaphambili kwindandatho ethintela ungcoliseko olukhulu (amatye, imisonto, iitshiphusi, njl. njl.) ukuba zingangeni kwitywina leoli.I-boot inokucinezelwa ngokuchasene ne-shaft ngenxa ye-elasticity yayo okanye ngoncedo lwentwasahlobo eyongezelelweyo ephothiweyo;
● Ukonakala komphezulu wangaphandle - ukonakala kweemilo ezilula okanye ezintsonkothileyo, eziphucula ukulingana kwesitywina se-oyile nokuthintela ukuvuza kwe-oyile ngesantya esiphezulu naxa ubushushu bunyuka;
● I-Hydrodynamic knurlings kunye neenotshi kumphezulu wangaphakathi (osebenzayo).Iinotshi ezidayiweyo zifakwe kwi-engile ethile kwi-axis yesitywina se-oyile, ukuthintela ukuvuza kwe-oyile ngesantya esiphezulu seshaft.Iinotshi zinokwenziwa kuwo wonke umgangatho wangaphakathi, okanye ngendlela yeendandatho ezininzi kwindawo yokusebenza kunye nemida yokusebenza.
Izitywina zeoyile zahlulwe ngamaqela amabini ngokwendlela yokujikeleza kweshaft:
● Kwi-shafts enesikhokelo esiqhubekayo sokujikeleza;
● Kwi-shafts ezinokujikeleza okubuyela umva.
Izitywina ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo ziyahluka kuhlobo lokugquma okanye ukunoshwa kumphezulu wokusebenza.Kwiimpawu zeoli ze-shafts kunye nolwalathiso oluqhubekayo lokujikeleza, i-knurling yenziwe ngendlela yokuqhafaza eqondiswe kwicala elinye, ngoko ke iindawo ezinjalo ziza "ngasekunene" kunye "nekhohlo" i-knurls (notches).Kwizitywina zeoyile ezibuyiselwa umva, inotshi i-zigzag okanye inzima ngakumbi kwimilo.
Okokugqibela, zimbini iintlobo zeetywina zeoyile yokuqhuba ngokwenqanaba lokhuseleko:
● Eqhelekileyo (eqhelekileyo);
● Ikhasethi.
Iimpawu zeoli eziqhelekileyo zinoyilo oluchazwe ngasentla.Izitywina zeCassette zenziwe ngendlela yamakhonkco amabini afakwe enye kwenye (i-ring yangaphandle iphumle kumzimba weyunithi kwaye iphumle ngokuchasene ne-shaft, iringi yangaphakathi iphumle ngaphandle kwaye ngokuyinxenye iphumle kwi-shaft) - olu luyilo lumelana nokubaluleka komatshini. imithwalo kwaye ibonelela ngokhuseleko olungcono malunga nokungena kwezinto ezingcolileyo.Izitywina zeCassette zisetyenziswa kwiiyunithi ezisebenza kwiimeko zokunyuka kothuli kunye nongcoliseko.
Ukuqukumbela, siyaqaphela ukuba kwiimoto, iitrektara kunye nezinye izixhobo, i-oyile yokutywinwa kweenjongo ezahlukeneyo isetyenziswa: i-shafts yevili, i-gearbox shafts kunye ne-gearbox, i-fan drive shafts kunye nabanye.Kodwa uninzi lwamacandelo lubekwe kuthumelo, apho bafumana igama labo.
Uyilo lwedlala lekhasethi
Indlela yokukhetha kunye nokubuyisela uphawu lweoli ye-drive ngokuchanekileyo
Iimpawu zeoyile zokuqhuba ziphantsi kwemithwalo ebalulekileyo, ekuhambeni kwexesha ekhokelela ekunxibeni, ukonakala okanye ukutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo kwesitywina.Ukuba ukuvuza kweoli kwenzeka, isitywina seoli kufuneka sitshintshwe, ngaphandle koko ukusetyenziswa kweoli kuya kwanda kwaye umngcipheko wokungcoliswa uyanda, okwandisa ngokubanzi ukunyanzeliswa kweengxenye zeyunithi.Kwakhona, izitywina zeoli kufuneka zitshintshwe ngokuhambelana nokuphuhliswa kobutyebi - ixesha lokutshintshwa lidla ngokuboniswa ngumenzi weyunithi.
Kuphela ezo ntlobo kunye neemodeli zeoli ye-oyile efakwe ngaphambili kwaye yacetyiswa ngumvelisi wendlela (echazwe yinxalenye yenombolo kwikhathalogu yokuqala) kufuneka isetyenziswe ukutshintshwa.Kwezinye iimeko, kuvumelekile ukuba kusetyenziswe ukutshintshwa, kodwa oku kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuqaphela kwaye kuthathelwe ingqalelo iimpawu ze-cuffs ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo.Ngokomzekelo, izitywina zeoyile ze-axle shafts ze-axles zokuqhuba kufuneka zibe ne-notch eguqulwayo (i-knurling), kungenjalo kungekudala emva kokufakwa kwabo kuya kubakho ukuvuza kweoli kwiindlela ezithile zokuqhuba okanye ukuvuza rhoqo ngenxa yokusebenza ngokungafanelekanga kwesitywina.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akukho ngqiqweni ukubeka i-cuff ebuyela umva kwi-fan, ekubeni i-shaft ekufuneka itywinwe ihlala ijikeleza kwicala elinye.
Ukutshintshwa kweempawu zeoli ye-drive kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuhambelana nemiyalelo yokulungiswa nokugcinwa kwesithuthi.Lo msebenzi unokufuna ukuchithwa okubalulekileyo kweyunithi elungiswayo, ngoko ke kungcono ukuyithemba kwiingcali.Xa utshintsha isitywina ngokwakho, kufuneka unamathele ngokungqongqo kwiingcebiso ezinikwe kwimiyalelo, ngaphandle koko kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokonakalisa inxalenye okanye ukuyifaka ngokungalunganga.I-recess ye-cuff endala inokwenziwa nge-screwdriver eqhelekileyo okanye enye into ekhonjiweyo, kodwa oku kufuneka kwenziwe ngononophelo ukwenzela ukuba kungonakalisi umphezulu womzimba kunye ne-shaft.Kungcono ukufakela itywina elitsha usebenzisa i-mandrel ekhethekileyo eqinisekisa ukutshona okufanayo kwetywina leoli kwibhokisi yedlala.Ngaphambi kokufakwa, i-cuff ifakwe i-lubricant.Kwiimeko apho i-oyile itywina kunye nesakhelo sokuqinisa esingenanto okanye esicacileyo sisetyenzisiweyo, kuyimfuneko ukuphatha indawo yokudibanisa isakhelo kunye nomzimba weyunithi kunye ne-sealant.Emva kokugqiba umsebenzi, kuyimfuneko yokongeza ioli kwi-crankcase yeyunithi.
Ngokukhetha okufanelekileyo kunye nokutshintshwa kwetywina leoli yokuqhuba, iyunithi iya kwenza imisebenzi yayo ngokuthembekileyo, ukusebenza kwayo akuyi kuphazamiseka ngokuvuza kunye nokungcoliswa kweoli kuyo nayiphi na imeko yokusebenza.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-13-2023