I-Hydraulic shock absorbers isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekumisweni kweelori ze-KAMAZ, ezidlala indima yokunciphisa.Eli nqaku lichaza ngokweenkcukacha indawo ye-shock absorbers kwi-suspension, iindidi kunye neemodeli ze-shock absorbers ezisetyenzisiweyo, kunye nokugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kwezi zixhobo.
Ulwazi oluphangaleleyo malunga nokumiswa kweemoto ze-KAMAZ
Ukumiswa kweelori ze-KAMAZ zakhiwe ngokwezicwangciso ze-classical, eziye zabonisa ukuthembeka kwazo amashumi eminyaka, kwaye zisasebenza.Zonke i-suspensions zixhomekeke, zibandakanya i-elastic kunye ne-damping elements, ezinye iimodeli nazo zinezinzisi.Imithombo yamagqabi emide (idla ngokuba yi-semi-elliptical) isetyenziswa njengezinto ezilastiki kwi-suspensions, ezixhonywe kwisakhelo kunye nomqadi we-asi (kwi-front suspension kunye nokumiswa ngasemva kweemodeli ezine-axle ezimbini) okanye kwimiqadi ye-axle. iasi kunye neeasi zabalinganisi (emva kokumiswa kweemodeli ezineeasi ezintathu).
I-Hydraulic shock absorbers nayo isetyenziselwa ukunqunyanyiswa kwezithuthi ze-KAMAZ.La malungu asetyenziswa kwiimeko ezilandelayo:
- Ngaphambi kokunqunyanyiswa kwazo zonke iimodeli zeelori ze-Kama ngaphandle kokukhetha;
- Ngaphambili nasemva kokunqunyanyiswa kweminye imodeli yeemoto ezingatshatanga kunye neetrektara ezihamba ixesha elide.
I-shock absorbers ekumisweni yangasemva isetyenziselwa kuphela kwiimodeli zeloli ezimbini, apho zingekho zininzi kakhulu kumgca we-KAMAZ.Okwangoku, i-KAMAZ-4308 ephakathi kwezithuthi, iitrektara ze-KAMAZ-5460 kunye neetrektara zamva nje ze-KAMAZ-5490 zinokumiswa okunjalo.
Izixhobo zokufunxa ukothuka kwi-suspension zisebenza njengenxalenye yokumanzisa, zithintela imoto ukuba ingagingqi kwimithombo xa isoyisa izigingqi zendlela, kwaye ikwafunxa iintlobo ngeentlobo zezothuso kunye nezothuso.Konke oku kwandisa intuthuzelo ngelixa uqhuba imoto, kunye nokuphucula ukuphathwa kwayo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukhuseleko.I-shock absorber yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokumiswa, ngoko ke xa kwenzeka ukungasebenzi, kufuneka kulungiswe okanye kufakwe endaweni.Kwaye ukuze wenze ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngaphandle kweendleko ezongezelelweyo, kufuneka ukwazi malunga neentlobo kunye neemodeli ze-shock absorbers ezisetyenziswa kwiilori ze-KAMAZ.
Iindidi kunye neemodeli ze-absorber zothusa i-KAMAZ ukumiswa
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-Kama Automobile Plant isebenzisa iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili ze-absorbers:
- I-compact shock absorbers kunye nobude be-450 mm kunye ne-piston stroke ye-230 mm yokumiswa kwangaphambili nangasemva kweetrektara ze-KAMAZ-5460;
- I-Universal shock absorbers kunye nobude be-460 mm kunye ne-piston stroke ye-275 mm isetyenziswa ekumisweni kwangaphambili kwezithuthi ezininzi ze-flatbed, iitrektara kunye neelori zokulahla (KAMAZ-5320, 53212, 5410, 54112, 5511, 55111 kunye nabanye), kwaye ezi zixhobo zothusayo zifakwe ngaphambili nangasemva kokumiswa kwee-axle ezimbini ze-KAMAZ-4308 izithuthi ze-flatbed;
- I-Shock absorbers kunye nobude be-475 mm kunye ne-piston stroke ye-300 mm isetyenziswe ekumisweni kwangaphambili kwe-KAMAZ-43118 ngaphandle kwezithuthi.Ezi zixhobo zothusayo kwinguqulelo kunye nentaba "yentonga" zisetyenziselwa ukumiswa kweebhasi zeNefAZ;
- I-Shock absorbers kunye nobude be-485 mm kunye ne-piston stroke ye-300 mm isetyenziswa kwi-KAMAZ semi-trailers, kunye nokumiswa kwangaphambili kwezinye izithuthi zomkhosi ngaphandle kwendlela (KAMAZ-4310);
- I-long-stroke shock absorbers kunye nobude be-500 mm kunye ne-piston stroke ye-325 mm ifakwe kwi-front suspension ye-KAMAZ-65112 entsha kunye ne-6520 iilori zokulahla.
Zonke ezi zinto zithatha i-shock absorber ziyi-hydraulic yendabuko, eyenziwe ngokomgaqo wemibhobho emibini.Uninzi lwee-absorbers zothuso lune-eye-to-eye mount, kodwa amacandelo ebhasi ye-NefAZ anentonga ukuya kwi-stem.Izixhobo zokufunxa ezothusayo kwiimodeli zangoku zeelori zokulahla ezisuka kwi-BAAZ zixhotyiswe ngengxowa yeplastiki emide, ebonelela ngokhuseleko olungcono kumanzi nokungcola.
Zonke iimoto ze-KAMAZ zixhotyiswe nge-Belarusian-made shock absorbers.Iimveliso ezivela kubavelisi ababini zinikwa abahambisi:
- BAAZ (i-Baranovichi Automobile Aggregate Plant) - isixeko saseBaranovichi;
- GZAA (Grodno Plant of Automobile Units) - isixeko saseGrodno.
I-BAAZ kunye ne-GZAA zibonelela ngazo zonke ezi ntlobo ze-absorbers, kwaye ezi mveliso zinikezelwa kwimarike ngobuninzi, ngoko ukutshintshwa kwazo (kunye nokulungiswa kokumiswa kweelori ngokubanzi) kunokwenziwa ngexesha elifutshane kwaye akukho ndleko eyongezelelweyo. .
Kwakhona, i-shock absorbers kwiilori ze-KAMAZ zinikezelwa ngumenzi wase-Ukraine i-FLP ODUD (i-Melitopol) phantsi kwe-brand ye-OSV, kunye ne-Russian NPO ROSTAR (Naberezhnye Chelny) kunye nenkampani yaseBelarusian FENOX (Minsk).Oku kwandisa kakhulu ukukhethwa kwezinto ezithatha ukothuka kwaye kuvula indlela yokonga iindleko.
Imiba yokugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kwee-absorbers ezothusayo
Iimodeli zanamhlanje ze-hydraulic shock absorbers ayifuni ukugcinwa okukhethekileyo.Kwakhona kuyimfuneko ukujonga imeko ye-rubber bushings efakwe kwi-shock absorber eyes - ukuba i-bushings ikhubazekile okanye iqhekeza, kufuneka ithathelwe indawo.
Ukuba i-absorber absorber iphelile ubutyebi bayo okanye ineengxaki ezinzulu (ukuvuza kweoli, ukuguqulwa komzimba okanye intonga, ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-fasteners, njl.), ngoko ke inxalenye kufuneka ithathelwe indawo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-shock absorbers ifakwe ngeminwe emibini kuphela (iibholiti) kwiindawo eziphezulu kunye nezantsi, ngoko ke ukutshintshwa kwale nxalenye kuncitshiswe kuphela ukukhulula ezi bholithi.Umsebenzi ulungele kakhulu ukwenza kumgodi wokuhlola, kuba kulo mzekelo akukho mfuneko yokususa amavili.
Ngokutshintshwa kwangethuba kwe-absorber shock, ukumiswa kwemoto kuya kunika intuthuzelo efunekayo kunye nokhuseleko lwemoto kuzo zonke iimeko.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-27-2023