Ubuninzi beeyunithi ezinyusiweyo ezifakwe kwiinjini ze-MTZ (eBelarus) iitrektara zine-classic belt drive esekelwe kwi-V-belt.Funda konke malunga namabhanti e-MTZ, iimpawu zabo zoyilo, iintlobo, iimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa, kunye nokukhetha okuchanekileyo kunye nokutshintshwa.
Yintoni ibhanti le-MTZ?
Ibhanti ye-MTZ - engapheliyo (i-ring) ibhanti yerabha ye-wedge cross-section, esetyenziselwa ukuhambisa i-torque ukusuka kwi-crankshaft ukuya kwiipuli zeeyunithi ezinyusiweyo zeenjini zetrekta ezenziwe yiMinsk Tractor Plant (MTZ, Belarus).
Ngokwesiseko se-V-belt transmission, iidrive zezixhobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zakhiwe, ekufuneka zisebenze xa injini isebenza: impompo yamanzi, i-fan yokupholisa, i-generator yombane, i-compressor ye-pneumatic kunye ne-compressor ye-air conditioner.Ibhanti yokuqhuba iphunyezwa ngokusetyenziswa kweepuli ezifakwe kwi-injini ye-crankshaft kunye ne-shafts yeeyunithi, kunye nebhanti yerabha yeprofayili efanelekileyo kunye nobude.Le drive ilula kwaye inokwethenjelwa, kodwa ibhanti ixhomekeke ekunxibeni kunye nomonakalo, ngoko kufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo.Ukukhethwa ngokuchanekileyo kwebhanti, kuyimfuneko ukwazi malunga neentlobo zezi mveliso ezisetyenziswa kwiitrektara ze-MTZ, iimpawu zabo kunye nokusebenza.
Iintlobo, iimpawu kunye nokusebenza kweebhanti ze-MTZ
Kwiiyunithi zamandla zezixhobo zesityalo saseMinsk, iibhanti zerubha eziqhelekileyo zisetyenzisiweyo, ezihluke kwi-cross-section, iphrofayili, uhlobo lwentambo, ubukhulu kunye nokusebenza.
Onke amabhanti anoyilo olusemgangathweni.Zisekelwe kuluhlu oluthwele umthwalo - intambo, efakwe ngaphakathi komzimba webhanti eyenziwe ngerabha evuzayo ngendlela enye okanye enye, kwaye umphezulu wangaphandle ukhuselwe ngelaphu lokusonga.Ngokohlobo loluhlu oluthwele umthwalo, amabhanti ahlulwe abe ngamaqela amabini:
● Ngepolyamide (nylon) intambo;
● Ngentambo yepolyester.
Iibhanti ze-MTZ ziyi-V-ibhanti - icandelo labo elinqamlezayo liyi-wedge enesiseko esicaba okanye esincinci esibanzi kunye nesiseko esincinci esithe nkqo.Iimveliso zahlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezimbini ngokomlinganiselo wobubanzi nobude:
● Uhlobo lwe-I - amabhanti enqamlezo emxinwa;
● Uhlobo lwe-II - amabhanti e-cross-section eqhelekileyo.
Ngapha koko, iimveliso zawo omabini amacandelo zinokuba neprofayile eyahlukileyo (uhlobo lwesiseko esimxinwa):
● Ibhanti egudileyo - enesiseko esicacileyo esimxinwa;
● Ibhanti lexesha - amazinyo anemisonto enqamlezileyo enziwa kwisiseko esimxinwa.
Isakhiwo sebhanti ye-V
Iibhanti zexesha zi-elastic ngakumbi kwaye zine-radius yokugoba encinci, efezekisa ukuthembeka okwandisiweyo kwebhanti.Nangona kunjalo, kumzimba wamabhanti agudileyo, imithwalo isasazwa ngokulinganayo, ngoko ke yomelele ngakumbi, ngakumbi kwiimeko ezinokunyuka kwemithwalo yomatshini kunye ne-thermal.
Iitrektara ze-MTZ zisebenzisa uluhlu olubanzi lweebhanti, ezahlulwe ngokwamaqela amaninzi ngokusebenza:
● Iitrektara ezineenjini ze-D-242, D-243, D-245 imigca (iimodeli zangaphambili kunye nezangoku MTZ-80/82, 100/102, imodeli esisiseko Belarus-550, 900, 1025, 1220.1);
● Iitrektara ezineenjini ze-D-260, i-D-265 imigca (iimodeli ezisisiseko Belarus-1221, 1502, 1523, 2022);
● Kwiitrektara ezineenjini zeLombardini (iimodeli ezisisiseko Belarus-320, 622).
Ngokwenjongo, amabhanti ahlulwe ngokwezi ntlobo zilandelayo:
● Ukuqhuba impompo yamanzi (ibhanti enecandelo elinqamlezayo le-16 × 11 mm, ubude be-1220 mm, bushelelezi);
● Impompo yamanzi kunye ne-fan drive (ibhanti enecandelo elinqamlezayo le-11 × 10 mm, i-1250 mm egudileyo, kunye namazinyo);
● I-pneumatic compressor drive (ibhanti ene-cross section ye-11 × 10 mm, ubude be-1250 mm bushelelezi kunye namazinyo, ibhanti kunye necandelo elinqamlezayo le-11 × 10 kunye nobude be-875 mm yamazinyo kwiinjini zeLombardini);
● Ukuqhuba kwe-compressor ye-air conditioner (ibhanti enecandelo elinqamlezayo le-11 × 10 mm, ubude be-1650 mm);
● I-Generator drive (ibhanti enecandelo elinqamlezayo le-11 × 10 mm, ubude be-1180 mm bushelelezi kunye namazinyo, ibhanti elinecandelo elinqamlezayo le-11 × 10 mm, ubude be-1150 mm elinamazinyo, ibhanti elinecandelo elinqamlezayo le-11 × 10 mm, ubude. I-975 mm enamazinyo kwiinjini zeLombardini).
Iibhanti ezidumileyo zinikezelwa kwiinguqulelo ezimbini - ezigudileyo kunye nezinyo, ezinoyilo oluhlukileyo lwemozulu.Iibhanti zexesha zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwimimandla enemozulu etshisayo nepholileyo (iinguqulelo "T" kunye ne "U" yeendidi ezahlukeneyo ezinobushushu bokusebenza ukuya kuthi ga + 60 ° C), kunye namabhanti agudileyo - ukusetyenziswa kuyo yonke imimandla, kuquka ezo kunye nemozulu ebandayo (inguqulo "HL" yeendidi ezahlukeneyo, kunye nokushisa okusebenzayo ukuya kuthi ga -60 ° C).Oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa ukhetha ibhanti entsha.
Apha siqaphela ukuba zonke iibhanti ze-MTZ zibizwa ngokuba yi-fan belts ezihlangabezana neemfuno ze-GOST 5813-2015 (kunye neenguqulelo zayo zangaphambili).Igama elithi "fan" akufuneki lidideke - ezi mveliso zerabha ziibhanti zendalo yonke ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kwiiyunithi ezahlukeneyo.
Ibhanti yokuqhuba iiyunithi ze-injini ezinyusiweyo zinokuba ngumqolo omnye kunye nomqolo ophindwe kabini.Kwimeko yokuqala, iyunithi ine-V-pulley enye kuphela kunye ne-drive kwibhanti enye.Kwimeko yesibini, i-pulley ephindwe kabini (ezimbini-ezimbini) ifakwe kwiyunithi kunye ne-crankshaft, apho iibhanti ezimbini ze-V zidluliswa.I-double-row-V-belt transmission ithembeke ngakumbi, oku kubekwa kwamabhanti kuyabathintela ekujikeni kwaye kunciphisa amathuba okuba i-slippage iqalise i-injini kunye nesantya esiphezulu.Namhlanje, kwii-injini ezahlukeneyo, ezixhotyiswe ngeetrektara ze-MTZ, unokufumana zombini iinketho zokuqhuba.
Imiba yokukhetha kunye nokutshintshwa kwamabhanti e-MTZ
Iibhanti ze-V zibonakaliswe kwiimpembelelo zendalo (ngokukodwa kwiitrektara ze-MTZ zoluhlu lwe-80, 320, 422, 550, 622, 1025, 1221 kunye ne-injini evulekileyo ye-injini), amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nemithwalo ebalulekileyo yomatshini, ngoko ekuhambeni kwexesha baye baqhekeka. , zoluliwe, zikhutshiwe kwaye ziyeke ukwenza imisebenzi yazo.Kuzo zonke ezi meko, ibhanti kufuneka litshintshwe.
Ukukhethwa kwebhanti yetrektara akunzima kakhulu - imveliso entsha kufuneka ibe ne-cross-section kunye nobude obufanayo nomdala.Ngokuqhelekileyo, imilinganiselo yeebhanti ibonakaliswe kwindawo engasebenziyo (ebanzi), unokufumana kwakhona iimpawu zebhanti kwimiyalelo okanye kwikhathalogu yamacandelo angasese enjini okanye itrektara.Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba iimveliso ezinecandelo lomnqamlezo we-11 × 10 mm ziibhanti ezinomnqamlezo onqamlekileyo (uhlobo I), iimveliso ezinecandelo le-16 × 11 ngamabhanti anecandelo eliqhelekileyo (uhlobo II), kunye azitshintshi.Ngoko ke, ukuba ufuna ibhanti lokuqhuba kwimpompo yamanzi ye-injini ye-D-242, ibhanti elifanayo elivela kwi-injini ye-D-260 ayikwazi ukufakwa endaweni yalo, kwaye ngokuphambene noko.
Ukuba i-injini isebenzisa i-double V-belt drive, kuyacetyiswa ukuba utshintshe zombini iibhanti ngexesha elinye, ngaphandle koko ibhanti elidala eliseleyo kwisibini lingaphinda libe ngumthombo weengxaki kwakhona.
Umzekelo wokufaka kunye nokulungelelanisa ukuxhatshazwa kwamabhanti alternator kunye nempompo yamanzi ye-injini ye-D-260
Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekukhethweni kwamabhanti kwiitrektara ngokuhambelana neemeko zemozulu kwiindawo zabo ezikhethiweyo zokusebenza.Kwizixhobo ezisebenza kwiindawo ezibandayo, iibhanti ezigudileyo kuphela kwi-"HL" version zifanelekile.Ukufakwa kweebhanti zexesha kwi "T" okanye "U" inguqu ebusika kunokubangela ukuphuka - ibhande elinjalo liba nzima kakhulu kubanda, ukuqhekeka kunye nokuwa kunye nemithwalo emincinci.Kwiitrektara ezisebenza kwimimandla enemozulu efudumeleyo, ngokuchaseneyo, kungcono ukusebenzisa amabhanti kuyilo lwetropiki, kubandakanywa namazinyo - bamelana kangcono nobushushu kwaye babe ne-coefficient encinci yokwandisa, okuthintela ukuphakama kwabo ngokugqithisileyo kumaqondo aphezulu okushisa.
Njengomthetho, ukutshintshwa kwamabhanti kwiitrektara ze-MTZ akukho nzima - kwiimeko ezininzi kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa kwayo ngokukhulula i-fastening yeyunithi (ngokuqhelekileyo ijenereyitha) okanye isixhobo soxinzelelo, ukususa ibhanti elidala, ubeke entsha kwaye lungisa uxinzelelo.Ibhanti elitsha kufuneka libe noxinzelelo olucetyiswa ngumenzi we-injini kwaye luchazwe kwimiyalelo efanelekileyo.Uxinzelelo olufanelekileyo lwebhanti, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise isixhobo esikhethekileyo esine-dynamometer.Ukulungelelaniswa "ngeso" akuvumelekanga - kunye noxinzelelo olubuthathaka, iibhanti ziya kutyibilika (ezingamkelekanga ngokupheleleyo kwezinye iiyunithi, umzekelo, kumpompo wamanzi, ekubeni injini kule meko iya kutshisa kakhulu) kwaye iguge kakhulu, kwaye Uxinzelelo olunamandla, ibhanti liya kolula kwaye lifake isandla ekunxibeni okunzulu kweebheringi kunye nezinye iiyunithi zeeyunithi.
Ukhetho olufanelekileyo, ukufakwa kunye nohlengahlengiso lweebhanti zokuqhuba i-MTZ ngundoqo ekusebenzeni okuthembekileyo kwe-injini kunye netrektara yonke nakweyiphi na imeko.
Umbhobho wokukhupha i-tubular clamp
Izibonda ze-Tubular zenziwe ngendlela yombhobho omfutshane kunye ne-longitudinal cut (okanye iipayipi ezimbini eziqhekezayo ezifakwe komnye nomnye) kunye neentambo ezimbini zokuqhawula emaphethelweni.Olu hlobo lwe-clamp lungasetyenziselwa ukudibanisa imibhobho ekupheleni ukuya ekupheleni kunye nokugqithisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokuqina kofakelo.
Ukuxhoma iiclamps
Iiclamps ezinyukayo zisetyenziselwa ukuxhoma i-exhaust tract kunye neendawo zayo ezizimeleyo phantsi kwesakhelo / umzimba wemoto.Inani labo kwinkqubo linokuba ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwisithathu okanye ngaphezulu.Ezi zixhobo zokuvala i-muffler zizinto ezintathu eziphambili:
- Ukwahlula iziseko zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemilo;
- Amacandelo amabini anokususwa;
- Iziqingatha zeeclamp zamacandelo amabini ezinokususwa.
Iibrakethi eziqhekezayo zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo kunye neziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukufaka iipayipi, i-mufflers kunye nezinye iindawo zenkqubo yokukhupha kwizinto ezithwala umthwalo.Kwimeko elula, i-clamp yenziwe ngendlela ye-tape bracket yeprofayili ejikelezayo kunye ne-eyelets yokuqinisa nge-screw (bolt).I-Staples ingaba yincinci kwaye ibanzi, kwimeko yokugqibela ine-longitudinal stiffener kwaye igxininiswe nge-screws ezimbini.Ngokuqhelekileyo, izibiyeli ezinjalo zenziwe ngendlela ye-U-shaped parts okanye iinxalenye zeprofayili ejikelezileyo kunye nama-eyelets anyuswe ngobude - ngoncedo lwabo, iinxalenye zenkqubo yokukhupha zinqunyanyiswa kwisakhelo / umzimba kumgama othile.
I-Detachable i-clamps yamacandelo amabini ayenziwa ngendlela yee-halves ezimbini ngendlela yeeteyiphu okanye imichilo, nganye inamehlo amabini okunyusa ngezikrufu (iibholiti).Ngoncedo lweemveliso zolu hlobo, kunokwenzeka ukufaka i-mufflers kunye nemibhobho kwiindawo ezinzima ukufikelela kuzo okanye apho kunzima ukufaka iibrakethi eziqhelekileyo zokwahlula.
I-halves ye-clamps yamacandelo amabini amacandelo angaphantsi kohlobo lwangaphambili lwe-clamps, inxalenye yabo ephezulu yenziwe ngendlela ye-bracket ekhutshwayo okanye engabonakaliyo efakwe kwisakhelo / umzimba wesithuthi.
Iiclamps zendalo yonke
Eli qela leemveliso libandakanya i-clamps, i-staples, enokuthi ngaxeshanye idlale indima yokunyuka kunye nokudibanisa i-clamp - ibonelela ngokutywinwa kwemibhobho kwaye kwangaxeshanye ubambe isakhiwo sonke kwisakhelo / umzimba wemoto.
Iimpawu zoyilo kunye neempawu ze-muffler clamps
Iiclamps zenziwe ngeentsimbi zamabakala ahlukeneyo - ubukhulu becala, i-structural, ngaphantsi rhoqo - ukusuka kwi-alloyed (insimbi engenasici), ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo lunokuthi lube ne-galvanized okanye i-nickel plated / i-chrome plated (ikhemikhali okanye i-galvanic).Kukwasebenza okufanayo nakwizikrufu/iibholiti eziza kunye neeclamps.
Njengomthetho, ii-clamps zenziwe ngokunyathela kwiibhilidi zensimbi (iiteyipu).I-Clamps ingaba nobukhulu obuhlukeneyo, ehambelana nomgangatho oqhelekileyo kunye nomgangatho ongekho ngokuqhelekileyo we-diameter yepayipi.Ukunyuka kwee-clamps ze-mufflers, njengomthetho, zinemilo eyinkimbinkimbi (i-oval, ene-protrusions), ehambelana ne-cross-section ye-muffler, i-resonator okanye i-converter yesithuthi.Konke oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa ukhetha indawo entsha yemoto.
Imiba yokukhetha kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-muffler clamp
Iiclamps zisebenza kwiimeko ezinzima, zihlala zibonakaliswe ekufudumeni okukhulu kunye nokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa, ukuvezwa kweegesi zokukhupha, kunye namanzi, ukungcola kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali (iityuwa ezisuka endleleni kunye nabanye).Ngoko ke, ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwanezibophelelo ezenziwe ngeentsimbi ze-alloy zilahlekelwa amandla kwaye zingabangela ukuvuza okanye umonakalo kwingqibelelo yendlela yokukhupha.Kwimeko yokuphuka, i-clamp kufuneka itshintshwe, kuyacetyiswa ukuba utshintshe ezi nxalenye xa uthatha indawo yomnye okanye yonke inkqubo yokukhupha imoto.
I-muffler clamp kufuneka ikhethwe ngokuhambelana nenjongo yayo kunye nobubanzi bemibhobho / i-mufflers ukuba idibaniswe.Ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka usebenzise i-clamp yohlobo olufanayo kunye nenombolo yekhathalogu efakwe kwimoto ngaphambili.Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukutshintshwa okunokuphucula ukusebenza kwenkqubo kwamkelekile.Ngokomzekelo, kuyafaneleka ukuba utshintshe i-stepladder clamp kunye ne-split-piece-clamp - iya kubonelela ngokuqina okungcono kunye nokunyuka kwamandla ofakelo.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngamanye amaxesha akunakwenzeka ukubuyisela - umzekelo, kaninzi akunakwenzeka ukubuyisela i-clamp edibeneyo yamacandelo amabini kunye nayiphi na enye, ekubeni imilo yeengxenye zokugqibela zemibhobho edibeneyo inokulungiswa kuyo.
Xa ukhetha i-clamps, kufuneka ukhumbule malunga neempawu zofakelo lwazo.I-stepladder clamp yeyona nto ilula ukuyifaka - inokufakwa kwimibhobho esele idibeneyo, ekubeni i-stepladder ikhutshwe kwi-crossbar kwaye iqiniswe ngamantongomane.Oku kuyinyani ngokupheleleyo kwiiclamp zamacandelo amabini.Kwaye ukufaka i-piece-piece-split okanye i-tubular clamps, iipayipi ziza kuqala zikhutshwe, zifakwe kwi-clamp kwaye zifakwe kuphela.Obunye ubunzima bunokuvela xa kufakwa ii-clamps zendalo yonke, kuba kule meko kuyimfuneko ukuba ngaxeshanye ugcine amalungu aqhagamshelwe omnye komnye kwaye uwabeke kumgama ochanekileyo ukusuka kwisakhelo / umzimba.
Xa ufaka i-clamp, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukufakwa okuchanekileyo kokufakela kwayo kunye nokuthembeka kokuqinisa i-screws - kule meko kuphela uxhulumaniso luya kuba namandla, luthembekile kwaye luhlala luhlala.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-05-2023