Ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kweenkqubo ezininzi zeemoto, iipayipi ezichasene neoli, i-petroli kunye nezinye iindawo ezinobundlobongela ziyafuneka.I-oil-and-petroli-resistant (MBS) i-hoses, i-hoses kunye neetyhubhu zisetyenziswa njengemibhobho enjalo - funda ngezi mveliso, iintlobo zazo, uyilo kunye neempawu kweli nqaku.
Yintoni umbhobho onganyangekiyo kwioli?
I-oyile-ne-petroli-resistantumbhobho (umbhobho we-MBS, umbhobho we-MBS) ngumbhobho oguquguqukayo owenzelwe ukubonelela (ukubonelela, ukumpompa) i-petroli, i-diesel fuel, i-oyile, i-brake fluids kunye nezinye iimveliso ze-petroleum, kunye nokupholisa, izisombululo ze-asidi ezibuthathaka kunye nezinye iindaba ezibuthathaka ezinobundlobongela.
Imibhobho ye-MBS isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa i-hermetic yamacandelo kumafutha, i-oyile, i-brake kunye nezinye iinkqubo zezithuthi, kwiinkqubo ze-hydraulic zezixhobo zokuvelisa eziphantsi kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukupompa iimveliso zepetroleum phakathi kwamatanki kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, njl. vumela ukufuduswa kwamacandelo enkqubo ngokuzalana komnye nomnye, baxhathisa ukuguquka kunye nemiphumo emibi kakuhle.Konke oku kwakhokelela ekusetyenzisweni okubanzi kwee-MBS hoses kumasebe ahlukeneyo obuchwepheshe, ishishini, njl.
Iintlobo kunye neempawu ze-MBS hoses
Imibhobho ye-MBS (imibhobho) ihlelwa ngokwezinto eziphambili zokwenziwa, injongo kunye nokusebenza, kunye neempawu.
Ngokwemathiriyeli yokwenziwa, imibhobho zezi:
• Irabha - iileya zangaphakathi nangaphandle ze-hose (imikhono) zenziwe ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zerubha ezichasene nolwelo oluthile kunye neegesi;
• I-PVC - i-hose yenziwe ngeempawu ezahlukeneyo ze-polyvinyl chloride kunye nezinye iipolymers ezichasene neendawo ezahlukeneyo ezinobundlobongela.
Ngokwenjongo, imibhobho ye-MBS yahlulwe yangamaqela amathathu:
• Uxinzelelo - olwenzelwe ukusebenza phantsi koxinzelelo olongezelelweyo (ukusuka kwi-atmospheric nangaphezulu), amanyathelo athathiweyo ekuyilweni kwawo ukukhusela ukuguqulwa kunye nokuqhekeka kweendonga ngolwelo olutofayo;
• Ukufunxa - okwenzelwe ukusebenza phantsi koxinzelelo oluncitshisiweyo (ngaphantsi kwe-atmospheric), amanyathelo athathiweyo ekuyilweni kwawo ukukhusela ukunyanzeliswa kweendonga phantsi kwesenzo se-vacuum (ukugcina i-cross-section yangaphakathi rhoqo);
• Uxinzelelo lwendalo yonke.
Ngokutsho kokusebenza, ii-hoses zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amaninzi:
• Ukusetyenziswa kubomi bemihla ngemihla, iivenkile zokulungisa iimoto nakwezinye iimeko ngaphandle kokufaka umbhobho kwizithuthi okanye kwezinye izixhobo;
• Kwiinkqubo zamafutha ezithuthi;
• Kwiinkqubo zokuqhokra izithuthi kusetyenziswa ulwelo olusebenzayo olusekelwe kwiminerali kunye neoli yokwenziwa;
• Kwiinkqubo zamanzi ezithuthi, oomatshini beemoto, oomatshini bezolimo, amashishini kunye nezinye izixhobo;
• Kwizixhobo zokugalela amafutha (ukumpompa amafutha kunye neeoli, ukubonelela ngamafutha kumsebenzisi, njl. njl.).
Ekugqibeleni, imibhobho yahlulwe yaba ziindidi ezimbini ngokunxulumene nombane ongatshintshiyo:
• Imibhobho eqhelekileyo;
• Imibhobho ephantsi komhlaba ukuphambukisa umbane ongatshintshiyo.
Kwi-design of hoses yodidi lwesibini, i-strip yobhedu inikezelwa, edlala indima yokumisa.Le mibhobho ye-MBS isetyenziselwa ukugcwalisa oomatshini kunye nezixhobo, kwizixhobo zoshishino, njl.
Kwiimpawu zemiqobo ye-SBS, kufuneka kuqatshelwe:
• Uxinzelelo olusebenzayo - lokufunxa - 0.09 MPa (0.9 atmospheres), ukukhupha - umgangatho osemgangathweni we-0.1, 0.16, 0.25, 0.4, 0.63, 1.0, 1.6, 2.5, 4, 6.3 kunye ne-10 MPa (ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya kwi-10) ;
• I-diameter yangaphakathi - ukusuka kwi-3 ukuya kwi-25 mm (i-PVC hoses) kunye ne-4 ukuya kwi-100 mm (i-rubber hoses);
• Ububanzi bangaphandle - kuxhomekeke kubukhulu beendonga, uhlobo lwe-braid, ubukho bokuqiniswa, njl.
• Uluhlu lobushushu bokusebenza.
Ngokwahlukileyo, kufuneka kuthiwe malunga nepharamitha yokugqibela.Namhlanje, imibhobho ye-MBS iveliswa kwimimandla emithathu yemozulu, iyahluka kubushushu obuvumelekileyo obuvumelekileyo:
• Kwimozulu epholileyo - ukuya kuthi ga -35 ° C;
• Kwimozulu yeTropiki - ukuya kuthi ga kwi -20 ° C;
• Kwiimozulu ezibandayo - ukuya kuthi ga kwi -50 ° C.
Iqondo lokushisa eliphezulu elihle kuwo onke ama-hoses liyafana - ukuya kuthi ga ku-70 ° C kumafutha (ipetroli, i-kerosene, i-diesel fuel) kunye nokuya kuthi ga kwi-100 ° C kwiioli.
Uyilo lwethumbu le-MBS
Imibhobho yePVC (imibhobho) icwangciswe ngokulula.Kwimeko elula, le yi-hose, kwiindonga apho kukho i-textile okanye i-wire braid.Kukwakho neentlobo ezininzi zeetyhubhu zePVC-zinomaleko ongaphakathi oxhathisa kakhulu kumafutha, ioyile kunye nolunye ulwelo.Ukuqiniswa kunokufumaneka kwinqanaba elingaphandle okanye phakathi kweengqimba.
Imibhobho yerabha ngoyilo yohlulwe yangamaqela amaninzi:
• Ukungaqiniswa kunye nokuqiniswa kwentambo (GOST 10362-76);
• Ukungaqiniswa ngentambo / ukuqinisa i-textile kunye nesakhelo se-textile (GOST 18698-79);
• Ukuqiniswa kweentlobo ezifanayo (GOST 5398-76).
Imibhobho engaqiniswanga ngokuqiniswa kwentambo icwangciswe ngokulula, iyisakhiwo esinemigangatho emithathu:
Ubume bombhobho werabha oqinisiweyo we-MBS
1.Umaleko wangaphakathi yirabha ekwaziyo ukumelana namafutha, amafutha kunye nolunye ulwelo;
2.I-thread / textile reinforcement - i-braid eyenziwe nge-synthetic, ikotoni okanye i-thread threads / i-cloth edibeneyo, inokwenziwa kwii-1-6 layers;
3.Uluhlu lwangaphandle luyirubha echasene nefuthe elibi lokusingqongileyo, i-oyile kunye namafutha, iikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo, njl.
Iibhobho ezinesakhelo se-textile ziqulethe uluhlu olongezelelweyo lwangaphandle - i-textile braid eyenziwe nge-synthetic, i-cotton okanye i-cloth edibeneyo.Isakhelo sinxeba kwi-hose kwimigangatho emininzi.Ngokuqhelekileyo olu hlobo lwemveliso lubizwa ngokuba yi-durite okanye i-hoses ene-durite braiding.
Kwimibhobho eqinisiweyo, i-rubber ephakathi yongezwa, apho intsimbi okanye ucingo lobhedu (ngokwemigangatho yasekhaya) okanye i-mesh yensimbi encinci ibekwe.Ukuqiniswa kunokubandakanya enye okanye ezimbini iileyile, kodwa kukho imikhono ekhethekileyo kunye nokuqiniswa kwe-multi-layer reinforcement.Umtya womhlaba wobhedu unokufumaneka kuluhlu olufanayo lombhobho.
Ezinye iintlobo zemibhobho yerabha zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokugqibela kwelinye okanye kumacala omabini.Iibhobho ezinjalo, njengomthetho, zenzelwe ukufakwa kumacandelo athile, iindibano kunye neenkqubo zeemoto kunye nezinye izixhobo, zinqunywe kubukhulu obufunwayo kwaye zineempawu eziyimfuneko.
Iimpawu, i-nomenclature kunye nemveliso ye-rubber hoses ye-MBS ilawulwa ngoku ngasentla kunye neminye imigangatho.Iibhobho zePVC ezifanayo azikho umgangatho omnye, ziveliswa ngokuhambelana neenkcukacha ezahlukeneyo.
Imiba yokukhethwa kunye nokusebenza kwee-MBS hoses
Iindidi zemibhobho enganyangekiyo yeoli
Xa ukhetha i-hoses-resistant-resistant hoses, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela injongo yabo yexesha elizayo kunye neemeko apho ezi mveliso ziya kusetyenziswa.
Ukusetyenziswa ngasese ngenjongo yokumpompa amafutha okanye i-oyile, i-hose ye-PVC engabizi kakhulu yanele ngokwaneleyo - ilula, ilula ukuyigcina kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa (iindonga ezicacileyo zikuvumela ukuba ubone ubukho bokuhamba kwamanzi, njl. njl.).
Ukulungiswa kwepetroli, i-lubrication, i-braking kunye nezinye iinkqubo apho uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo lwendawo yokusebenza lugcinwa, kufuneka kusetyenziswe i-MBS i-rubber hoses.Xa kuthengwa, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha i-diameter yangaphakathi efanelekileyo kunye neempawu - uxinzelelo olusebenzayo kunye noluhlu lweqondo lokushisa.Kule meko, kuyimfuneko ukongezelela ukunyamekela ii-clamps kunye nezixhobo zokugqibela zokuxhoma i-hose.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukulungiswa kweenkqubo ezithile, amacandelo kunye neendibano, iibhobho ezinezixhobo zokugqibela ezisele zifakelwe zithengiswa - esi sisisombululo esisiso esonga ixesha kunye nemali (ekubeni akukho mfuneko yokusika i-hose ubude kunye nokufakelwa kwezinto zokufakelwa), kunye ibonelela ngokuthembeka okukhulu kwenkqubo.
Kwimizi-mveliso kunye nezinye izicelo ezikhethekileyo, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha imibhobho ye-MBS eneempawu ezithile, kubandakanywa nokwenzeka kokumisa umhlaba, iimveliso ezinobubanzi obukhulu, i-hoses yohlobo oluthile lolwelo, njl.
Ukuphela kofakelo lwemibhobho ye-MBS
Ukwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwe-hose, kufuneka ubeke ingqalelo ekuphawuleni kwayo.Ngokuhambelana nemigangatho, ukumakisha kubandakanya isibonakaliso sobubanzi bangaphakathi nangaphandle, uxinzelelo lokusebenza, ukuguqulwa kwemozulu kunye neGOST, ehambelana nale mveliso.Ngokomzekelo, ukuphawula "I-Hose 20x30-1 GOST 10362-76" ithetha ukuba i-hose ine-diameter yangaphakathi ye-20 mm, ububanzi obungaphandle be-30 mm, uxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwe-MPa eyi-1 kwaye yenzelwe ukusebenza kwindawo epholileyo kunye nemozulu eshushu. .Ubukho beeleta "HL" kubonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa i-hose kwiindawo ezibandayo.I-oyile kunye ne-petroli-resistant-hoses ngokuhambelana neGOST 18698-79 ziphawulwe ngohlobo "I-Sleeve B (I) -10-50-64-T" - apho "B (I)" ithetha ukusetyenziswa kwemveliso ukusebenza ngepetroli kunye namafutha, idijithi yokuqala luxinzelelo lokusebenza kwi-atmospheres, idijithi ezimbini zokugqibela ziyi-diameters zangaphakathi nangaphandle, unobumba wokugqibela ukuguqulwa kwemozulu ("T" - kwimozulu yetropiki, "U" - epholileyo. , "HL" - kubanda).I-Hoses ngokweGOST 5398-76 inophawu olufanayo lohlobo "Hose B-2-25-10 GOST 5398-76", apho "B-2" kukusebenza kwemveliso yokusebenza ngamafutha kunye namafutha, "25 " yi-diameter engaphakathi (i-diameter yangaphandle ayiboniswa), kwaye i-10 luxinzelelo lokusebenza kwi-atmosphere.Kwakhona kubonisa inguqu yemozulu (kwimozulu epholileyo - engaphawulwanga, kwitropiki - "T", kubanda - "HL").
Ukwazi oku, unokukhetha ngokulula i-hose efunekayo, kwaye uyisombulule ngokuzithemba imisebenzi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-22-2023