Kwimoto nganye yanamhlanje kukho iindlela ezininzi zokulawula - ivili lokuqhuba, iipedali kunye nelever yegiya.Iipedals, njengomthetho, zidibene kwiyunithi ekhethekileyo - ibhloko yeepedals.Funda malunga neyunithi ye-pedal, injongo yayo, iintlobo kunye noyilo, kunye nokugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kweli nqaku.
Injongo yeyunithi yokunyovwa
Kwanabadali beemoto zokuqala bajongana nengxaki enkulu: ayizizo zonke izilawuli ezinokuqhutywa kuphela ngezandla zabo, ngoko ke kungekudala iimoto zaqala ukuxhotyiswa ngeepedali zokulawula imilenze.Kangangexesha elide bekungekho mgangatho mnye onokumisela indawo kunye nenjongo yeepedals, izikimu esiziqhelileyo zazisekwe kuphela nge-30s kunye ne-40s yenkulungwane edlulileyo.Kwaye namhlanje sineepedals ezintathu kwiimoto ezinokuhanjiswa ngesandla (igesi, i-clutch kunye ne-brake pedals), kunye neepedals ezimbini kwiimoto ezinokuhanjiswa okuzenzekelayo (kuphela igesi kunye neepedals ze-brake).
Ngokwesakhiwo, iipedals zihlala zidityaniswa zibe sisakhiwo esinye - i-pedal assembly okanye iyunithi yokunyovwa.Le nodi isombulula iingxaki ezininzi:
- Ukunciphisa amandla okusebenza ngexesha lofakelo kunye nohlengahlengiso lweepedali kumzi-mveliso;
- Ukuququzelela ukugcinwa, ukulungiswa kunye nokulungiswa kweepedals ngexesha lokugcinwa kunye nokusebenza kwesithuthi;
- Ukuqinisekisa ukufakwa okuchanekileyo kwee-pedals kunye nokusebenza okuchanekileyo kwee-drives zeendlela;
-Yenza imisebenzi yokuphucula i-ergonomics kunye nokhuseleko lwesihlalo somqhubi.
Ke, indibano ye-pedal isombulula zombini iingxaki zobugcisa kwaye ithatha inxaxheba ekusekweni kwendawo yokusebenza ye-ergonomic, ngaloo ndlela ichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle komqhubi, ukukhathala kwakhe, njl.
Iintlobo kunye noyilo lweebhloko ze-pedal
Iindibano zanamhlanje zepedali zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amaninzi ngokokusebenza, ukugqibelela, ukusebenza kunye noyilo lweempawu.
Ngokusebenza, zonke iibhloko ze-pedal zahlulwe zaba ziindidi ezimbini ezinkulu:
- Kwiimoto ezinokuhanjiswa ngesandla (ngokugqithiswa ngesandla);
- Kuba iimoto nge transmission oluzenzekelayo (ngosulelo oluzenzekelayo).
Umahluko phakathi kweeyunithi zokuhambisa ngesandla kunye nokudluliselwa okuzenzekelayo kukulungiselelo olwahlukileyo lweepedals, ukuzaliseka kwazo, iindawo zofakelo, njl. olunye uhlobo.
Ngokuphathelele ukugqibelela, iindibano ze-pedal zahlulwe zaba ziindidi ezintathu eziphambili:
-Ibhlokhi yePedal yeemoto ezinokuhanjiswa okuzenzekelayo, ukudibanisa iibhuleki kunye neepedali zegesi;
-Ibhlokhi yePedal yeemoto ezinokuhanjiswa ngesandla, ukudibanisa igesi, ibhuleki kunye neepedali ze-clutch;
-Ibhlokhi yePedal yeemoto ezinokuhanjiswa ngesandla, ukudibanisa kuphela i-clutch kunye ne-brake pedals.
Ngaloo ndlela, iibhloko ze-pedal zinokudibanisa zonke iipedals, okanye inxalenye yazo kuphela.Ukuba imoto isebenzisa ibhloko ye-clutch kunye ne-brake pedals, ngoko i-pedal yegesi yenziwe ngendlela yeyunithi eyahlukileyo.Kwakhona, zonke iipedals zingenziwa ngendlela yeenodi ezihlukeneyo, kodwa esi sisombululo sinqabile ukusetyenziswa namhlanje.
Ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni, iibhloko ze-pedal zahlulwe ngokwamaqela amathathu aphambili:
- Ibhloko equkethe i-pedals kuphela kunye namacandelo ecandelo lomatshini wee-drives zeenkqubo ezihambelanayo - imithombo yokubuyisela, i-bipods, iifoloko, ukudibanisa, njl.;
- Iyunithi equlethe zombini iindawo zomatshini kunye ne-hydraulic / pneumohydraulic yeenkqubo ezihambelanayo - i-brake master cylinder, i-booster ye-brake kunye ne-clutch master cylinder;
- Iyunithi equlethe inxalenye ye-elektroniki yeenkqubo, ubukhulu becala ukutshintshwa kokutshintsha, i-pedal sensors kunye nabanye.
Ekugqibeleni, ngokweempawu zoyilo, zonke iibhloko ze-pedal zinokwahlulwa (kwezinye iimeko ngokwemiqathango kakhulu) zibe ngamaqela amabini amakhulu:
- Iibhloko ezinyovwayo ezingenafreyimu (ezingenasakhelo);
- Iibhloko ezinesakhelo (isakhelo) esigcina onke amalungu adityanisiweyo.
Ukusebenzisa ezi ntlobo njengomzekelo, siya kuqwalasela iimpawu eziphambili zoyilo lweebhloko ze-pedal.
Iibhloko ezingenazikhelo zicwangciswa ngokulula.Isiseko sendibano yi-axis ye-tubular ye-clutch pedal, ngaphakathi apho i-axis ye-pedal ye-brake iphosakele.Ekupheleni kombhobho kunye ne-axle kukho i-levers (i-bipods) yokudibanisa ne-drive yenkqubo ehambelanayo.Izibiyeli ezimbini zisetyenziselwa ukunyusa iyunithi kwi-cab okanye ngaphakathi kwemoto.
Iibhloko ezinesakhelo zinzima ngakumbi: isiseko sesakhiwo yintsimbi esenziwe ngaphambili ebambe iipedals kunye nezinye izinto.Kwisakhelo kukho kwakhona izibiyeli (okanye i-eyelets okanye imingxuma nje) yokunyusela iyunithi ngaphakathi kwekhabhinethi / i-cabin.I-pedal axs, i-return springs, i-brake master cylinder ene-vacuum booster, i-clutch master cylinder kunye ne-limited switch/izinzwa zigxininiswe kwisakhelo ngendlela enye okanye enye.
Iipedals ngokwazo zingazintlobo ezimbini:
-Compound;
- All-metal.
Amacandelo enziwe ngamacandelo amaninzi akuvumela ukuba ulungelelanise ubude be-pedal okanye ukuyilungisa ngaphandle kokutshintsha ngokupheleleyo indibano yonke.Iipedali zetsimbi zonke ziyitampu enye, i-cast okanye i-welded isakhiwo esingavumeli ukulungiswa kunye nokutshintsha indibano xa kwenzeka ukuphuka.Iipedali zepedali zenziwe ngamathanki okanye zigqunywe ngamacwecwe erabha e-grooved, ethintela unyawo ukuba lungatyibiliki xa uqhuba.
Namhlanje, kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeebhloko ze-pedal, kodwa ubukhulu becala banoyilo kunye nokusebenza okuchazwe ngasentla.
Ukugcinwa nokulungiswa kweeyunithi ezinyovwayo
Ii-Pedal assemblies ngolo hlobo azifuni londolozo lukhethekileyo, kodwa iipedali zomntu ngamnye zeyunithi zinokufuna ingqwalasela ngaphakathi kwesakhelo sogcino lwenkqubo ezikuyo.Ngokukodwa, ukulungiswa kwe-pedal ye-clutch kunye ne-cylinder ehambelana nayo iqhutyelwa ngexesha lokugcinwa kwe-clutch, ukulungiswa kwe-pedal ye-brake kunye ne-cylinder ye-brake - ngexesha lokugcinwa kwenkqubo ye-brake, njl. Ukongeza, ii-pedals. , i-fasteners yabo, i-spring tension kunye nemeko jikelele inokujongwa kwi-TO-2 nganye.
Kwimeko yokungasebenzi kakuhle okanye ukuguqulwa kwe-pedal, ukulungiswa kwabo kwe-freewheel kunye nezinye iingxaki, kuyimfuneko ukwenza ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza.Ngalo msebenzi, awukwazi ukulibazisa, ekubeni ukuphathwa kunye nokhuseleko lwemoto kuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni kweepedals.Inkqubo yokugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kwee-pedals okanye ii-pedal assemblies ichazwe kwimiyalelo yeemoto ezihambelanayo, asiyi kuziqwalasela apha.
Ngokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, ukugcinwa kwexesha kunye nokulungiswa, iyunithi ye-pedal iya kusebenza ixesha elide kwaye inokwethenjelwa, iqinisekisa ukuphatha, induduzo kunye nokhuseleko lwesithuthi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-24-2023