I-injini nganye inexesha lokuqhuba kunye neeyunithi ezinyusiweyo ezakhelwe kwibhanti okanye ityathanga.Ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-drive, ibhanti kunye nekhonkco kufuneka libe noxinzelelo oluthile - oku kufezekiswa ngoncedo lwezixhobo zokuxininisa, iintlobo, ukuyila kunye nokukhetha okuchanekileyo okuchazwe kweli nqaku.
Yintoni isixhobo soxinzelelo?
Isixhobo soxinzelelo (i-belt tensioner, chain) - isixhobo esincedisayo kwi-drive ye-gas distribution mechanism (ixesha) kunye neeyunithi zeeyunithi ze-piston ezivuthayo zangaphakathi;Isixhobo esiseta kwaye sigcine olona xinzelelo luphezulu lwebhanti yokuqhuba okanye ikhonkco.
Isixhobo soxinzelelo senza imisebenzi emininzi:
• Ufakelo kunye nohlengahlengiso lwamandla oxinzelelo lwebhanti lokuqhuba;
• Imbuyekezo yebhanti / ityathanga loxinzelelo oluguqukayo ngenxa yokuguga kweengxenye zokuqhuba kunye notshintsho kwimeko yokusingqongileyo (ukwelula kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwebhanti/ityathanga phantsi kokuguquguquka kobushushu kunye nokufuma, phantsi kweempembelelo zemithwalo yokungcangcazela, njl.);
• Ukunciphisa ukushukuma kwebhanti okanye ikhonkco (ngokukodwa amasebe awo amade);
• Thintela ibhanti okanye ityathanga ekutyibilikeni kwiipuli kunye nezixhobo.
Nangona izixhobo zoxinzelelo zizixhobo ezincedisayo ze-injini, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo - ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwee-drives zexesha kunye neeyunithi eziphakanyisiweyo, kwaye ngenxa yoko yonke iyunithi yamandla kwiimeko eziguqukayo rhoqo.Ngoko ke, xa kukho ukungasebenzi kakuhle, ezi zixhobo kufuneka zilungiswe okanye zitshintshwe.Ukwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwe-tensioner entsha, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda uluhlu lweendlela ezichazwe namhlanje, ukuyila kwazo kunye neempawu.
Iindidi kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo zoxinzelelo
Izixhobo zokuxininisa zihlukaniswe ngamaqela ngokwenjongo yazo, ukusetyenziswa kohlobo oluthile lokuqhuba, umgaqo wokusebenza, indlela yokulungelelanisa ukuxhatshazwa kunye nokusebenza okongeziweyo.
Ngokwenjongo, abacinezeli baziindidi ezimbini eziphambili:
• Ukuqhuba ixesha;
• Ukwenzela iiyunithi ezinyusiweyo zeyunithi yamandla.
Kwimeko yokuqala, isixhobo sibonelela ngoxinzelelo oluyimfuneko lwekhonkco okanye ibhanti lexesha le-injini, okwesibini - ukunyanzeliswa kwebhanti leeyunithi okanye amabhanti eeyunithi zomntu ngamnye (ijeneretha, impompo yamanzi kunye nefeni; icompressor yomoya kunye nabanye).Ii-tensioner ezininzi zoyilo kunye nenjongo ezahlukeneyo zinokufakelwa kwi-injini enye ngexesha elinye.
Ngokusebenza, izixhobo zoxinzelelo zohlulwe zibe ngamaqela amathathu:
• Ukuqhuba ngetsheyini;
• Ukuqhuba ngebhanti yesiqhelo engu-V;
• Kwi-V-ribbed drives.
I-Tensioners kwiidrive ezahlukeneyo ziyahluka kuyilo lwento ephambili - i-pulley.Kwizixhobo ze-chain drives, ivili legiya (i-sprocket) lisetyenziswa, kwi-V-belt transmissions - i-V-pulley, kwii-polyclin drives - i-V-ribbed ehambelanayo okanye i-pulley egudileyo (kuxhomekeke kwindlela yokufaka isixhobo ngokumalunga ibhanti - ukusuka kwicala lemijelo okanye ukusuka kwicala elingasemva eligudileyo).
Ngokomgaqo wokusebenza, izixhobo zoxinzelelo zohlulwe zibe ziindidi ezintathu:
• Iintsimbi ezinofakelo oluqinileyo lwepuli;
• Iingxaki zasentwasa hlobo;
• I-Hydraulic tensioners.
Ngalunye lweentlobo zezixhobo zoxinzelelo zineempawu zayo, iintlobo zazo kunye noyilo zichazwe ngezantsi.
Ngokwendlela yokulungelelanisa amandla oxinzelelo, izixhobo zezi:
• Incwadana;
• Iyazenzekela.
Uyilo lwecylinder yehydraulic yesixhobo soxinzelelo lwekhonkco lexesha
Kwizixhobo zohlobo lokuqala, amandla oxinzelelo abekwe (ukulungiswa) ngesandla ngexesha lokugcinwa okanye ukuba kuyimfuneko.I-tensioner ehlengahlengisiweyo isoloko ikwindawo enye kwaye ayikwazi ukubuyisela amandla oxinzelelo lwebhanti / ikhonkco.Uhlobo lwesibini lwesixhobo lutshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo indawo yalo ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zangoku, ngoko ke amandla okuxhatshazwa kwebhanti ahlala ehleli.
Ekugqibeleni, izixhobo zokuxininisa zinokudibaniswa nezinye izixhobo kwaye zenze imisebenzi eyongezelelweyo - kunye ne-chain dampers, limiters, njl. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi nxalenye zithengiswa njengenxalenye yeekhithi zokulungisa ukugcinwa kwesiqhelo kwexesha lokuqhuba okanye iiyunithi, okanye ukulungiswa kweenjini.
Uyilo kunye nomgaqo-siseko wokusebenza kwezixhobo zoxinzelelo kunye nofakelo oluqinileyo lwepulley
Ezi tensioners ziquka iintlobo ezintathu zezixhobo:
• I-Lever;
• Isilayidi;
• Eccentric.
I-lever tensioner inesibiyeli esifakwe ngokungqongqo kwi-injini kunye neleva eshukumayo enepuli exhonywe kuyo.I-lever ibanjwe kwi-bracket nge-bolts ezimbini, kwaye enye yazo ifumaneka kwi-arcuate groove - kubukho be-groove evumela ukuba ulungelelanise indawo ye-lever kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, amandla okuxhatshazwa kwebhanti.
Izixhobo ze-slide-type tensioning zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi: kuzo i-pulley ayifakwanga kwi-lever, kodwa kwi-groove echanekileyo ye-bracket, apho i-screw ende (i-bolt) idluliswa.Ngokujikeleza i-screw, unokuhambisa i-pulley ecaleni kwe-groove, ngaloo ndlela utshintsha amandla oxinzelelo lwebhanti.Xa kumiselwa amandla oxinzelelo olufunekayo, i-screw ibalwa kunye ne-nut, iqinisekisa ukungahambi kwe-pulley.
Kwiimoto zabakhweli, izixhobo ze-eccentric tensioning zisetyenziswa rhoqo.Ngokwesakhiwo, le tensioner inerola ene-eccentric hub emiselwe kwibhloko ye-injini okanye isibiyeli.Amandla oxinzelelo aguqulwa ngokuguqula i-roller ejikeleze i-axis kwaye uyilungise kwindawo ekhethiweyo ngebholiti.
Zonke i-tensioners ezichazwe zixhobo ezilungelelaniswayo ngesandla ezine-drawback ebalulekileyo - azikwazi ukuhlawulela utshintsho kwi-tension force yebhanti.Oku kungalunganga kupheliswe kwi-spring kunye nezixhobo zokuxinana kwe-hydraulic.
Uyilo kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza kwezixhobo zokuxinzelela entwasahlobo
Kukho iindidi ezimbini ze-spring tensioners:
• Ngemithombo yoxinzelelo;
• Ngemithombo yamanzi.
Kwizixhobo zohlobo lokuqala, ukulungiswa ngokuzenzekelayo kwentsimbi yebhanti kwenziwa yintwasahlobo eqhelekileyo ephothiweyo, ecinezela i-bracket nge-roller / sprocket kwibhanti / ikhonkco.Kwizixhobo zodidi lwesibini, lo msebenzi wenziwa yintwasahlobo ebanzi ephothiweyo, ephothiweyo ngamandla athile.
I-Torsional spring tensioners yiyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu namhlanje - i-compact, ilula kwaye inokwethenjelwa.Isixhobo esinjalo siquka i-lever ene-pulley kunye nesiseko (umnikazi) kunye ne-spring, ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukufakela, intwasahlobo kwisixhobo esitsha soxinzelelo sele ixinzelelwe ngamandla ayimfuneko kwaye igxininiswe ngesheke.
Isixhobo soxinzelelo kunye nentwasahlobo ye-torsion
Njengomthetho, izixhobo zokuxininisa zasentwasahlobo zisetyenziselwa ibhanti (i-V-kunye ne-V-ribbed) yeeyunithi ezixhonyiweyo, kunye nokuhamba kwexesha leenjini zeemoto zabagibeli ezinamabhanti exesha.
Uyilo kunye nomgaqo-siseko wokusebenza kwezixhobo zoxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic
Isiseko solu hlobo lwe-tensioners yi-cylinder ye-hydraulic ecinezela i-pulley / sprocket kwibhanti / ikhonkco.I-cylinder inemiqolo emibini yokunxibelelana, ehlulwe yi-plunger ehambayo, edityaniswe kwi-pulley / sprocket ngoncedo lwentonga (okanye kunoko, kwi-lever yesixhobo soxinzelelo kunye ne-pulley / sprocket efakwe kuyo).Kwakhona kwi-cylinder kukho iivalve ezininzi zokudlula ulwelo olusebenzayo.Kwindawo ephakathi ye-plunger, i-cylinder ibonelela ngebhanti eyimfuneko / i-chain chain kwaye ayichaphazeli ukusebenza kwe-drive nangayiphi na indlela.Xa i-tension yebhanti / i-drive itshintsha, i-plunger itshintsha indawo yayo, i-fluid esebenzayo ihamba ukusuka kwelinye i-cavity ukuya kwelinye, iqinisekisa ukunyanzeliswa okuqhelekileyo kwebhanti kwindawo entsha.Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zee-oyile ze-injini zisetyenziswa njengolwelo olusebenzayo.
I-cylinder ye-hydraulic inokufakwa kwi-bracket okanye kwi-injini, kwii-timing chain drives, iisilinda ezimbini zidla ngokusetyenziswa kanye kanye, nganye isebenza kwi-sprocket yayo.Iisilinda ezintsha zinamandla okuxinzelela kwangaphambili, iintonga zazo zigxininiswe kwindawo efunwayo kunye nesheke.
Imiba yokhetho, ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kwezixhobo zoxinzelelo
Ngexesha lokusebenza kwesithuthi, izixhobo zokuxininisa ziphelelwa ngamandla kwaye ziphulukene neempawu zazo, ngoko kufuneka zihlolwe rhoqo kwaye zitshintshwe.Kuphela ezo zithinteli ezicetyiswa ngumvelisi we-injini kufuneka zikhethelwe ukutshintshwa - ngaphandle koko isixhobo asikwazi ukufakwa, okanye asiyi kubonelela ngoxinzelelo oluyimfuneko lwebhanti okanye ikhonkco.
Izixhobo zoxinzelelo zebhanti zokuqhuba iiyunithi ezinyusiweyo zezona zizinzileyo kwaye zinokusebenza iminyaka emininzi, kufuneka zitshintshwe ngokunxiba okubalulekileyo okanye ukophuka.I-tensioner entsha kufuneka ifakwe kwaye ilungiswe ngokuhambelana nemiyalelo yokusebenza kwesithuthi.Ukuba isixhobo sinokulungiswa kwe-pulley eqinile, ngoko kufuneka ilungiswe ngokutshintsha indawo ye-lever okanye ukusebenzisa i-screw.Ukuba isixhobo sisentwasahlobo, ngoko kufuneka siqale sifakwe, kwaye sisuse isheke - i-pulley ngokwayo iya kuthatha indawo yokusebenza.Kule meko, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba uphawu kwi-lever luwela kwindawo kwisiseko sesixhobo, ngaphandle koko kufuneka utshintshe ibhanti okanye ukhangele ukusebenza kwe-tensioner.
Ufakelo oluchanekileyo lwesixhobo sokucinezela ngokweempawu
Izixhobo zokuxininisa zokuqhuba ikhonkco lexesha zidla ngokutshintshwa ziphelele ngetsheyini, iidampers kunye nezinye izinto.Ukutshintshwa kwezi nxalenye kufuneka kuqhutywe ngokuhambelana ngokungqongqo nemiyalelo yemiyalelo.I-Tensioners yolu hlobo ayifuni ukulungiswa, kufuneka ifakwe kwaye isuswe kwitshekhi - i-sprocket iya kuthatha indawo yokusebenza kwaye iqinisekise ukunyanzeliswa okuchanekileyo kwekhonkco.
Ngokukhetha okufanelekileyo kunye nokutshintshwa kwee-tensioners, amaxesha okuqhuba kunye neeyunithi ziya kusebenza ngokuthembekileyo kuyo nayiphi na imeko yokusebenza.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-05-2023